Compound of Formula (1); wherein: Z.sup.w is an organic radical comprising w amino groups, in which w is a number and 5w3,000; A and B are independently oxy-C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkylene carbonyl groups or oxy-C.sub.2-C.sub.20-alkenylene carbonyl groups derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids or lactones; T is hydrogen or RCO, where R is a C.sub.1-C.sub.50 hydrocarbyl group; Y is a C.sub.3-C.sub.4-alkylene radical linked to an amino group of Z.sup.w; Y is an ionic salt link between an amino group of Z.sup.w and the terminal carbonyl of (A).sub.r-(B).sub.p-T; r and p are independently numbers between 0 and 50 and r+p>2; s, m and v are numbers; 0.99ws+m2w; and 0.3ws+v2w are suitable as dispersants and milling aids. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure is directed to compositions having lecithin and an organic acid and related methods. The disclosed compositions may also include one or more co-surfactants such as anionic surfactants and/or non-ionic surfactants, and may be used as a dispersant.

The present invention relates to a method for producing an additive composition which in particular contains specific urea urethanes. The additive composition is extremely suitable as a wetting agent and dispersant.

Fatty amide compositions and their derivatives are disclosed. The fatty amides comprise a reaction product of a metathesis-derived C.sub.10-C.sub.17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with a primary or secondary amine. Derivatives made by reducing, quaternizing, sulfonating, alkoxylating, sulfating, and sulfitating the fatty amide are also included. The amine reactant can be diethylenetriamine or (2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine, which provide imidazoline amides or esters, respectively. In one aspect, the ester derivative of the C.sub.10-C.sub.17 monounsaturated acid or octadecene-1,18-dioic acid is a lower alkyl ester. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin. The compositions are valuable for cleaners, fabric treatment, hair conditioning, personal care, antimicrobial compositions, agricultural uses, and oil field applications.

Dispersions of graphenic carbon particles are produced using a polymeric dispersant. The polymeric dispersant includes an anchor block comprising glycidyl (meth)acrylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl(meth)acrylate, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl(meth)acrylate, allyl glycidyl ether and mixtures thereof, reacted with a carboxylic acid comprising 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, para-nitrobenzoic acid, hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl hexanoic acid, decanoic acid and/or undecanoic acid. The polymeric dispersant also includes at least one tail block comprising at least one (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester.

The disclosure relates to the use of compounds of specific structure as defoaming wetting agents for aqueous coating systems, for example paints and varnishes. The disclosure is more particularly related to methods of reducing the surface tension and/or increasing the density of an aqueous coating system, which methods include adding alcohol propoxylates to an aqueous coating system. The alcohol propoxylates have the general structure RO(PO).sub.xH, in which R is a saturated alkyl radical having 7 to 10 C atoms, PO is a propylene oxide unit, and x is a number in the range from 4 to 6. The resulting aqueous coating composition has good wetting properties, but is low in foam, so it does not disrupt processing operations of the coating system.