Methods and systems are provided for providing exhaust gas recirculation to a naturally aspirated internal combustion engine. In one example, exhaust gas is recirculated to an engine intake via a dedicated scavenging manifold and a scavenging exhaust valve. The exhaust gas and fresh air that has not participated in combustion may be recirculated to engine cylinders even at high engine loads since the exhaust gas and fresh air is returned to the engine air intake at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.

A control apparatus, which controlling an operation of an injector provided to an internal combustion engine, includes: a voltage application unit applying a voltage raised to have a step-up target value to the injector to open the injector; a current measurement unit measuring a drive current supplied to the injector in response to an application of the voltage; and a calculator calculating a current difference value which indicates a difference between an actually-measured profile and a reference profile. The actually-measured profile indicates a time-variation in an actually-measured value of the drive current, and the reference profile is a profile set in advance. The step-up target value is corrected according to the current difference value that is calculated.

A control device includes an engine valve and a variable valve actuation mechanism that is able to change at least one of a valve operating angle and valve lift of the engine valve. When the at least one of the valve operating angle and the valve lift is larger than or equal to a prescribed upper limit, the control device increases an operating speed of the variable valve actuation mechanism as compared with when the at least one of the valve operating angle and the valve lift is smaller than the prescribed upper limit.

A fluid system includes a fluid active region, a fluid channel, a convergence chamber and plural valves. The fluid active region includes at least one fluid-guiding unit enabled to transport fluid and the fluid is discharged out through an outlet aperture of the fluid active region. The fluid channel is in communication with the outlet aperture, and includes plural branch channels. The convergence chamber is in communication with the fluid channel. Each valve includes a base, a piezoelectric actuator and a linking bar. When the piezoelectric actuator is enabled, the carrier plate is driven to move, and the stopping part of the linking bar is correspondingly moved to selectively close or open an outlet of the base. Each valve is disposed in the corresponding branch channel, and the fluid is selectively transported through the branch channels under control of the on/off states of the valves disposed therein.

An electromagnetic adjusting device having a first, second and third plug contacts for operating the adjusting device on an operating voltage source having a first and second voltage pole. The device can include an actuator coupled to the plug contacts. The actuator can have a magnet coil with a first terminal connected to the first plug contact, a second terminal connected to the second plug contact, where either the first or the second plug contact is connected to the first voltage pole. The magnet coil can also have a first transistor with a first control electrode connecting the first terminal to the third plug contact, a second transistor having a second control electrode connecting the second terminal to the third plug contact, a first resistor connecting the first control electrode to the second plug contact and a second resistor connecting the second control electrode to the first plug contact.

An electric phaser dynamically adjusting the rotational relationship of a camshaft of an internal combustion engine with respect to an engine crankshaft includes an electric motor and a planetary drive. In some embodiments, the planetary drive includes a sun gear, planet gears, a sprocket ring gear driven by the engine crankshaft, a camshaft ring gear rotating with the camshaft, a carrier, a lever arm, and a load generator. The lever arm is rotatably attached to at least one planet gear and pivotably attached to the carrier at a pivot point on the carrier located off-axis from the sun axis. The load generator is coupled to the carrier and applies a torque load to the lever arm to reduce backlash in the split ring planetary drive. The difference between the number of camshaft ring gear teeth and sprocket ring gear teeth is a multiple of the number of planet gears.

Provided is a variable valve lift actuator of an engine, which includes: a first body rotating; a second body; a driving module; and a return spring, wherein an entire portion or a partial front end of the driving module is inserted into a rear end of the second body, the lift degree of the valve is variably controlled in two stages of a high-speed mode and a low-speed mode based on an operating condition of the engine, and when only the high-speed cam is installed on the camshaft, the driving pin is operated in a low-speed and low-load state of the engine to separate the first body from the second body so as to deactivate a cylinder.

An apparatus and method of controlling an electronic continuously variable valve timing (CVVT) is provided. The apparatus includes a sensor disposed in a motor facing a reducer and an intelligent motor controller. The sensor determines a rotation speed of a first and second projection of a first and second rotation member and generates a sensing signal that corresponds to an output waveform of each rotation speed and inputs the signal to an intelligent motor controller coupled to the motor. The intelligent motor controller receives the signal and separates a crank shaft and cam shaft position signal. The signals are compared to detect an actual phase angle of the suction or exhaust valve. A phase deviation between the detected, actual and predetermined target phase angle is calculated.

Provided is a metering plate for a poppet-style valve in which the metering plate includes a peripheral edge structure that reduces the impact of edge variation as a result of typical manufacturing tolerances. The peripheral edge structure is located at the sealing surface and extends from the peripheral surface of the metering plate so as to avoid a sharp edge at the outer diameter of the metering plate. In embodiments, the peripheral edge structure is a chamfered surface or a curved surface. Small dimensional deviations from these surfaces resulting from typical manufacturing tolerances do not have a significant effect on the discharge coefficient of the metering plate. In this way, the discharge coefficients of poppet-style valves across a fluid admission system are contained in a much tighter range, thereby enhancing the efficiency of and control over the fluid admission system.

A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine is configured to: open a waste gate valve if switching operation modes from supercharged lean burn operation to stoichiometric burn operation and if it is necessary to decrease an air amount; control an exhaust variable valve train so that, during a response delay period accompanying the waste gate valve being opened, a first valve opening period EX1 and a second valve opening period EX2 are set and the second valve opening period overlaps with a valve opening period IN; control a fuel injection valve so as to inject fuel of an amount necessary to realize the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio under a stoichiometric requested air amount during the response delay period; and control the second valve opening period EX2 of the exhaust valve so that, during the response delay period, the air amount comes close to the requested air amount.