Systems and methods are provided for utilizing adaptive inter-frame gap reduction in Multimedia over Coax Alliance (MoCA®) networks. A network node that is configured as network controller within a Multimedia over Coax Alliance (MoCA®) network may receive communication timing related information associated with each of a plurality of network nodes in the MoCA network; assess based on the communication timing related information, communication timing for each pair of network nodes in the plurality of network nodes; and adaptively configure communications between each pair of network nodes in the plurality of network nodes based on the assessing. The configuring may comprise adjusting timing related parameters or fields in packets. The timing related parameters or fields may comprise inter-frame gap (IFG) fields in physical layer (PHY) packets. The communication timing related information may comprise ranging information or ranging-based timing information determined based on the ranging information.

In one embodiment, a router located at an exit edge of an autonomous system (AS) receives a data packet in a data plane, and determines a destination of the data packet and an associated AS-path information to the destination. The router may then insert the AS-path information into the data packet, and forwards the data packet with the AS-path information toward the destination, such that a receiving device in a destination AS can validate whether the data packet was routed through a path that was secure from a control plane perspective based on a collection of one or more insertions of AS-path information.

An apparatus and a method for detecting network congestion based on a destination node are provided. To elaborate, the apparatus may include: a physical information extraction unit that extracts physical information of an electrical signal received through an antenna of the destination node; a MAC information extraction unit that extracts a size of a MAC frame payload from a MAC frame on the basis of the extracted physical information; a TCP information extraction unit that extracts a size of service data included in the MAC frame payload; a data size comparison unit that compares the size of the MAC frame payload with the size of the service data and generates comparison result data; and a congestion detection unit that receives the comparison result data, compares the comparison result data with a predetermined threshold value, and determines presence or absence of network congestion.

Systems and methods performed by an IP telephony device or an element of an IP telephony system mask the data contained in data packets bearing the media of an IP telephony communication to prevent an Internet service provider from identifying the data packets as carrying the media of an IP telephony communication. The systems and methods can also modify the size of data packets and/or modify the data transfer rate of a stream of data packets bearing the media of an IP telephony communication to prevent an Internet service provider from identifying the stream of data packets as bearing the media of an IP telephony communication.

The present invention provide a transmission path, including: an FD storage module, configured to receive and store an FD; a calculating module, configured to determine, according to a length value of the first frame stored in the FD storage module, a volume of data stored in the transmission path; a determining module, configured to determine whether the volume of the data stored in the transmission path determined by the calculating module is greater than a preset data volume threshold; and an instructing module, configured to send a backpressure signal to the TM module when the determining module determines that the volume of the data stored in the transmission path is greater than the preset data volume threshold, where the backpressure signal is used to instruct the TM module to stop sending an FD of the second frame to the transmission path.

A data communication system compresses packet headers. A transmitter executes state machines to process a data packet and determine if a transmitter state machine is transferring Interdependent Machine Output (IMO) data. The transmitter generates an IMO vector that indicates if any IMO data is in the data packet. If IMO is present, then the transmitter augments the IMO vector to indicate the individual transmitter state machines that transferred the IMO data. The transmitter transfers the data packet with the IMO vector to a receiver. The receiver processes the IMO vector to determine if any IMO data is transferred in the data packet. If IMO data is transferred, then the receiver processes the augmented IMO vector to transfer the IMO data to individual receiver state machine that correspond to the transmitter state machines that transferred the IMO data.

An apparatus includes a message receiver circuit that receives, at a port of a network node, a message from a neighboring network node. The message includes a maximum transmission unit (“MTU”) of the neighboring network node. The network nodes communicate using a layer-2 protocol. The apparatus includes a comparison circuit that determines if the received MTU is larger than an MTU for the port, and an approval circuit that, after determining that the received MTU is larger than the port's MTU, determines if the received MTU is supported by the network node. The method includes an increase circuit that, after determining that the received MTU is supported, changes the MTU of the network node's ports to match the received MTU, and a message circuit that, after determining that the received MTU is supported, sends a message with the MTU to network nodes connected to ports of the network node.

The behavior of devices on a network can be modified on the medium access control level to achieve various application level objectives. These types of modifications can include organizing the behavior of transmitting stations to achieve various objectives (e.g., equal allocation of airtime on a wireless network link) for the transmission of data back to those stations' access points. Other modifications, such as changing various stations' maximum data transmission size and modifying an access point's amplifier gain could also be made.

Systems and methods for InfiniBand fabric optimizations to minimize SA access and startup failover times. A system can comprise one or more microprocessors, a first subnet, the first subnet comprising a plurality of switches, a plurality of host channel adapters, a plurality of hosts, and a subnet manager, the subnet manager running on one of the one or more switches and the plurality of host channel adapters. The subnet manager can be configured to determine that the plurality of hosts and the plurality of switches support a same set of capabilities. On such determination, the subnet manager can configure an SMA flag, the flag indicating that a condition can be set for each of the host channel adapter ports.

There is included a method and apparatus comprising computer code configured to cause a processor or processors to perform obtaining video data, creating, based on the video data, a timed metadata track indicating a segment bandwidth and comprising information of a plurality of aligned segments of a media adaptation set such that duration information and size information of each of the aligned segments is included in at least one metadata sample, switching to one of a plurality of representations of the video data based whether the timed metadata track indicates at least an overflow to an input buffer per each of the plurality of representations, and delivering the one of the plurality of representations to a client.