The invention describes a method for the identification of compounds which bind to a target component of a biochemical system or modulate the activity of the target, comprising the steps of: a) compartmentalising the compounds into microcapsules together with the target, such that only a subset of the repertoire is represented in multiple copies in any one microcapsule; and b) identifying the compound which binds to or modulates the activity of the target; wherein at least one step is performed under microfluidic control. The invention enables the screening of large repertoires of molecules which can serve as leads for drug development.

The present disclosure provides microfluidic devices, systems and methods for sample preparation and/or analysis. A microfluidic device can include a first channel having a sequence of (n) chambers each having a first volume (v). The first channel can include one or more valves at opposing ends of the first channel that fluidically isolate the first channel. The microfluidic device can further include a second channel in fluid communication with the first channel. The second channel can include at least one second chamber having a total second volume that is at least equal to the total volume of the first channel (n*v). The second channel can include one or more valves at opposing ends of the second channel that fluidically isolate the second channel from the first channel.

A jet injection device that incorporates nanobubbles (ultrafine bubbles) in a mist includes: a two-fluid nozzle configured from a circular nozzle outer cylinder and an air connection tube integrally and perpendicularly connected to the nozzle outer cylinder; a nanobubble generation device that supplies the nozzle outer cylinder of the two-fluid nozzle with high-pressure nanobubble water; and a compressor that supplies the air connection tube of the two-fluid nozzle with high-pressure air. The gas-injected bubble water generated from the nanobubble generation device is pressure-fed to the nozzle outer cylinder of the two-fluid nozzle, and compressed air from the compressor is pressure-fed to the air connection tube of the two-fluid nozzle. In the two-fluid nozzle, the high-pressure gas-injected bubble water and the compressed air serve as a gas-liquid fluid mixture, and are injected at a high speed in mist form from a nozzle cylinder of the two-fluid nozzle.

A device for generating a scented mist of an atomized liquid fragrance oil includes an atomizer complex, a reservoir assembly, a drainage tube, and a vacuum tube. The atomizer complex can atomize the liquid fragrance oil into a scented mist and deliver the scented mist to air outside of the atomizer complex, where the liquid fragrance oil the fragrance oil that is not atomized into the scented mist delivered to the air outside of the atomizer complex includes collected oil that is collected and drained to a reservoir assembly. A drainage tube extends from a bottom area of the atomizer complex into the liquid fragrance oil. The device can filter the liquid fragrance oil in the reservoir assembly and the collected oil from the atomizer complex that drained down the drainage tube. The vacuum tube can suction the filtered liquid fragrance oil and the collected oil into the atomizer complex for atomization.

A mixing apparatus and method of mixing additives are described herein. The mixing apparatus comprises a mixing conduit having a wall, a first end, and a second end opposite the first end. A fluid inlet is formed in the wall between the first end and the second end. A fluid outlet is also formed in the wall between the first end and the second end. An injection conduit fluidly connects the fluid inlet with the fluid outlet. A pump is disposed to pump fluid in the injection conduit. An additive conduit is fluidly coupled to the injection conduit.

A fiber bundle contactor may include a vessel including a first inlet; a second inlet; a mixing zone arranged in the vessel to receive a first fluid from the first inlet and a including fluid from the second inlet, wherein the mixing zone comprises a perforated plate assembly comprising a plate, a plurality of openings in the plate, and a plurality of riser pipes that extend from the plate and arranged to allow fluid flow through additional openings in the plate; and an extraction zone including a fiber bundle arranged in the vessel to receive the first fluid and the second fluid from the mixing zone.

The problem to be addressed by the present invention is to provide a cleaning apparatus capable of obtaining a cleaning liquid having a high degree of cleanliness. A cleaning apparatus 10 includes a dissolution tank 20 for dissolving a gas in a liquid, a transfer pump 30 for sending the liquid together with the gas into the dissolution tank 20, and a feed nozzle 40 for feeding the liquid stored in the dissolution tank 20 to a workpiece W. The transfer pump 30 is a positive displacement pump. Portions of the dissolution tank 20, the transfer pump 30, and the feed nozzle 40 that come into contact with the liquid are made of a fluororesin.

A cavitation device and method for using the same is useful for cavitationally treating fluids by generation of hydrodynamic cavitation in the fluid followed by the subsequent collapse of cavitation bubbles. The passage of fluid through slot openings in a cylindrical insert mounted in a housing provides fluid jets in an annular cavity to induce hydrodynamic cavitation of the fluid. Fluid is discharged from the annular cavity into a downstream portion of the housing to collapse cavitation bubbles under static pressure.

Systems for water treatment may include an evaporation unit, wherein the evaporation unit comprises: a first blower; a spacer, wherein the spacer may be fluidly coupled to the first blower; a diffuser fluidly coupled to the spacer, at least one arm fluidly coupled to and disposed radially around the diffuser. The at least one arm is configured to rotate to create a negative pressure as to allow the air mass to be drafted out into the contaminated water.

Provided are a cleaning method and cleaning device for cleaning with micro/nano-bubbles, with which a simple method of spraying a treatment solution containing micro/nano-bubbles onto a substrate to be processed makes it possible to efficiently and reliably peel off residual resist or remove contaminants from the substrate, while reducing an environmental load. This cleaning method is characterized in that, with respect to a substrate to be treated to which a resist film has adhered onto the substrate or a substrate to be treated to which the surface thereof has been contaminated with a metal or metal compounds, the resist film is peeled off or the metals or metal compounds are removed by spraying onto the substrate to be treated a treatment solution containing gaseous micro/nano-bubbles and having a temperature maintained at 30 C. to 90 C., the mean particle size of the micro/nano-bubbles when measured by an ice embedding method using a cryo-transmission electron microscope being 100 nm or smaller, preferably 30 nm or smaller, and also preferably the density of such bubbles being 10.sup.8 or more bubbles per 1 mL.