The invention provides a method for treating one or more complications of diabetes in a mammal. The method comprises administering to a mammal in need thereof an effective amount of an aromatic-cationic peptide having at least one net positive charge; a minimum of four amino acids; a maximum of about twenty amino acids; a relationship between the minimum number of net positive charges (p.sub.m) and the total number of amino acid residues (r) wherein 3 p.sub.m is the largest number that is less than or equal to r+1; and a relationship between the minimum number of aromatic groups (a) and the total number of net positive charges (p.sub.t) wherein 2a is the largest number that is less than or equal to p.sub.t+1, except that when a is 1, p.sub.t may also be 1.

Disclosed is a peptide and a cosmetic composition using the same. The peptide inhibits the activity of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), whereby the peptide may be used to alleviate skin troubles caused by fine dust.

The invention described herein pertains to the diagnosis, imaging, and/or treatment of pathogenic cell populations. In particular, the invention described herein pertains to the diagnosis, imaging, and/or treatment of diseases caused by PSMA expressing cells, such as prostate cancer cells, using compounds capable of targeting PSMA expressing cells.

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods related to aromatic-cationic peptides. In particular, the compositions and methods relate to aromatic-cationic peptides in conjunction with cytochrome c.

The methods and compositions described herein relate, in part, to the generation of a synthetic degradation system in E. coli that provides tunable control of the protein level of targeted genes by using components of the Mesoplasma florum tmRNA system. Provided herein are degradation tag variants that permit independent control of both the initial level and inducible degradation rate of attached proteins.

Disclosed are analogs of elamipretide (MTP-131). The compounds are useful for the treatment and prevention of ischemia-reperfusion injury (e.g., cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury) or myocardial infarction.

The present invention relates to a peptide for inhibiting skin inflammation and a pharmaceutical composition and a cosmetic composition for preventing or treating skin inflammation including the same. Since the peptide, pharmaceutical composition and cosmetic composition are effective for improving symptoms of skin inflammation caused by atopic dermatitis and the like, they are useful for preventing, improving or treating skin inflammation.

The present invention generally relates to compounds that are useful for inhibiting one or more of hepatocyte growth factor activator, matriptase, hepsin, Factor Xa, or thrombin. The present invention also relates to various methods of using the inhibitor compounds including treating a malignancy, a pre-malignant condition, or cancer by administering an effective amount of the inhibitor to a subject in need thereof.

A number of anti-angiogenic strategies connected with the VEGF signalling pathway are used in current clinical treatment or trial phase, but they either cause adverse effects or are not specific. Various strategies were aimed at identifying peptides inhibiting the VEGF-A.sub.165/NRP-1 interaction. A well-known antiangiogenic peptide is the heptapeptide termed “A7R” having the amino acid sequence ATWLPPR, for which various derivatives have been synthesized, which include peptides having the general sequence Lys(hArg)-AA.sup.2-AA.sup.3-Arg. However, the ability of the known peptides to inhibit the VEGF-A.sub.165/NRP-1 interaction was too low for their use as candidate drugs for inhibiting angiogenesis in subjects in need thereof. The present inventors have now conceived a family of novel peptide-like compounds having a nanomolar affinity for NRP-1, which are thus endowed with a powerful capacity to inhibit the VEGF-A.sub.165/NRP-1 interaction. These novel peptide-like compounds may be relevantly used as antiangiogenic compounds, especially in subjects affected with cancer.

Preclinical data obtained in models of chemotherapy-induced mucositis, radiation-induced mucositis, neutropenic infection and colitis indicate oral mucositis is a promising indication for Innate Defense Regulator (IDR) peptides. Preclinical efficacy results obtained with IDRs in mouse and hamster models of mucositis indicate that dosing every third day should be able to cover the mucositis “window” with seven to fourteen doses, depending on the duration of chemotherapy or radiation exposure. IDRs have also shown efficacy in mouse models of chemotherapy-induced oral and gastrointestinal mucositis, consistent with the response of the innate immune response to chemotherapy and/or radiation damage. IDRs are also effective at reducing bacterial burden and improve survival in the presence or absence of antibiotic treatment in various murine infection models.