The present invention relates to series of peptidomimetic compounds selectively targeting CBX8 of polycomb chromobox protein homolog proteins. Pharmaceutical compositions of those compounds and methods of using them in the treatment of diseases involved CBX8 pharmacology, including various cancers and leukemia, by administering therapeutically effective amounts of such compound alone or together with other therapeutics, are within the scope of this disclosure.

Disclosed are various crystalline salt forms of L-Phe-D-Arg-L-Phe-L-Lys-NH.sub.2.

The instant invention describes macrocyclic compounds having therapeutic activity, and the mechanism and methods of treating disorders such as autoimmune diseases, inflammation, and cancer, tumors and cell proliferation related disorders.

A protein hydrolysate composition is provided. The protein hydrolysate composition comprises isolated peptides useful for ameliorating a condition of a subject. Compositions comprising the protein hydrolysate composition are also provided. The compositions may be adapted for oral or topical administration to the subject, and may compose a foodstuff or beverage (e.g. a medical food), a topical composition (e.g. a lotion, cream, etc.), a kit, and the like. A methods of ameliorating the condition of the subject is further provided. The method include administering the protein hydrolysate composition to the subject. The method may be useful in reducing blood pressure, inflammation, reduced immunity, and/or oxidative stress in the subject.

The invention relates to carrier complexes and methods for delivering molecules to cells. The carrier complexes comprises a molecule and an aromatic cationic peptide in accordance with the invention. In one embodiment, the method for delivering a molecule to a cell comprises contacting the cell with a carrier complex. In another embodiment, the method for delivering a molecule to a cell comprises contacting the cell with a molecule and an aromatic cationic peptide.

Neuropeptide S receptor agonists are provided. The NPS agonists include trimeric, tetrameric, pentameric or hexameric peptidomimetic analogs exhibiting affinity for and activity at the neuropeptide S receptor. The peptidomimetic molecules may be useful in the treatment of disorders, syndromes and conditions mediated by modulation of the neuropeptide S receptor such as substance abuse, narcolepsy, insomnia, obesity, cognitive decline, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, panic disorder, generalized anxiety, PTSD, phobias, schizophrenia and as supportive medication during any kind of cessation program in cognitive behavioral therapy, such as drug addiction, eating disorders and gambling.

The disclosure provides methods of preventing or treating heart failure in a mammalian subject. The methods comprise administering to the subject an effective amount of an aromatic-cationic peptide to subjects in need thereof.

The invention provides a method of reducing or preventing mitochondrial permeability transitioning. The method comprises administering an effective amount of an aromatic-cationic peptide having at least one net positive charge; a minimum of four amino acids; a maximum of about twenty amino acids; a relationship between the minimum number of net positive charges (p.sub.m) and the total number of amino acid residues (r) wherein 3p.sub.m is the largest number that is less than or equal to r+1; and a relationship between the minimum number of aromatic groups (a) and the total number of net positive charges (p.sub.t) wherein 2 a is the largest number that is less than or equal to p.sub.t+1, except that when a is 1, p.sub.t may also be 1.

The disclosure provides methods of preventing, ameliorating or treating disruption of mitochondrial function and symptoms thereof. The methods provide administering aromatic-cationic peptides in effective amounts to prevent, treat or ameliorate the disruption of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in a cell such as that found in a subject suffering from, or predisposed to a mitochondrial disease or disorder. In some embodiments, the methods comprise administering to a subject suffering from, or at risk for a mitochondrial disease or disorder, an effective amount of an aromatic-cationic peptide to subjects in need thereof.

Methods for the synthesis of arginine-containing peptides are provided. The methods include a deprotection step that minimizes the transfer of by-products deriving from cleaved sulfonyl-5 based side chain protecting groups from arginine to amino acids carrying electron rich side chains.