The invention provides a method for treating one or more complications of diabetes in a mammal. The method comprises administering to a mammal in need thereof an effective amount of an aromatic-cationic peptide having at least one net positive charge; a minimum of four amino acids; a maximum of about twenty amino acids; a relationship between the minimum number of net positive charges (p.sub.m) and the total number of amino acid residues (r) wherein 3 p.sub.m is the largest number that is less than or equal to r+1; and a relationship between the minimum number of aromatic groups (a) and the total number of net positive charges (p.sub.t) wherein 2a is the largest number that is less than or equal to p.sub.t+1, except that when a is 1, p.sub.t may also be 1.

The disclosure pertains to conformational epitopes in A-beta, antibodies thereto and methods of making and using immunogens and antibodies specific thereto.

The disclosure pertains to epitopes identified in A-beta including conformational epitopes, antibodies thereto and methods of making and using immunogens and antibodies specific thereto.

The disclosure pertains to methods of treating or preventing a disease or condition associated with and/or induced by soluble A-beta oligomer such as Alzheimer's disease by administering to a subject in need thereof conformation specific and/or selective antibodies or binding fragments thereof and related products.

Certain embodiments of the invention provide a compound of formula (I) or a compound of formula (II):

R.sup.1A.sup.1A.sup.2A.sup.3A.sup.4N(R.sup.2).sub.2 (I)

R.sup.3A.sup.5A.sup.6A.sup.7A.sup.8N(R.sup.4).sub.2 (II)

or a salt thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, A.sup.4, A.sup.5, A.sup.6, A.sup.7, and A.sup.8 are as defined herein, as well as methods of use thereof.

Peptide-based compounds including heteroatom-containing, three-membered rings efficiently and selectively inhibit specific activities of N-terminal nucleophile (Ntn) hydrolases. The activities of those Ntn having multiple activities can be differentially inhibited by the compounds described. For example, the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome may be selectively inhibited with the inventive compounds. The peptide-based compounds include an epoxide or aziridine, and functionalization at the N-terminus. Among other therapeutic utilities, the peptide-based compounds are expected to display anti-inflammatory properties and inhibition of cell proliferation.

The present invention relates to novel tetrapeptides as well as the use thereof as antimicrobial agents.

The present invention relates to peptidomimetics of the formula (I) or (I)c wherein L.sub.1, L.sub.2, L.sub.3, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, n, m, Q, X, Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are defined as mentioned in the description and to salts and solvates of each of these compounds and to processes for the preparation thereof, compositions containing them and the uses of such compounds. It has been found that the compounds have a high microbicide activity and are suited to combat resistant bacteria, such as meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, at very low concentrations.

The disclosure pertains to conformational epitopes in A-beta, antibodies thereto and methods of making and using immunogens and antibodies specific thereto.

The present invention relates to a GABA.sub.A receptor-binding peptide comprising an amino acid sequence X.sub.1-X.sub.2-X.sub.3-X.sub.4-X.sub.5, wherein the amino acid residue X.sub.1 is histidine, arginine, threonine, L-cyclohexyl-alanine, 2-flouro-L-phenylalanine or 3-methyl-L-histidine; X.sub.2 is threonine, N-methyl-threonine, proline, leucine, isoleucine or phenylalanine; X.sub.3 is tryptophan, N-methyl-tryptophan, serine, threonine or proline; X.sub.4 is glutamine, proline, lysine, tyrosine, alanine, glycine or absent; and X.sub.5 is lysine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, threonine, alanine, glycine or absent. In particular, the GABA.sub.A receptor-binding peptides of the present invention have amino acid sequences selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 15. These peptides were tested and validated using electrophysiological recordings on the human GABA.sub.A receptor comprising of the following subunits .sub.1.sub.3.sub.2 and used in the preparation of a neuroactive pharmaceutical composition, in improving sperm motility or in labeling of biomolecules.