A wastewater system with high recyclability may include one or more mechanical or membrane filtration technologies. Process waste streams may be processed through a variety of processing units to remove contaminants without or with limited additional chemical additives, thereby forming a near-zero or zero liquid discharge wastewater system.

There is disclosed a nitrogen-phosphazene-based covalent organic framework (PT-COF) designed for the effective and selective removal of lead (Pb.sup.2+) ions from aqueous solutions. Synthesized via a solvothermal method using hexa(4-formyl-phenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene aldehyde and 1,3,5-tris-(4-aminophenyl)triazine, the PT-COF exhibits an unprecedented adsorption capacity of 940 mg/g and reaches adsorption equilibrium within 20 minutes. The PT-COF demonstrates exceptional selectivity for Pb.sup.2+ ions over other heavy metals and provides a visual feedback mechanism, transitioning from yellow to dark brown upon lead adsorption, reverting to yellow upon desorption with acid treatment. The synthesis method yields a mesoporous material with high thermal and chemical stability, maintaining its crystalline structure under harsh conditions. The chemisorptive adsorption of lead (Pb.sup.2+) ions follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, fitting well into the Langmuir isotherm. This disclosure encompasses both the PT-COF product and the method for its synthesis, offering a sustainable and economically viable solution for lead remediation and water purification.

The present disclosure describes an electrochemical system and methods for the selective separation and simultaneous recovery of ionic constituents in a feed-, raw-, or wastewater. The system entails novel electrochemical configurations comprising various ion exchange membranes in concert with a voltage applied across a pair of electrodes. In some embodiments, the novel electrochemical system may include one or more of a pair of electrodes, a first membrane selectively permeable to a first wastewater constituent, a second membrane selectively permeable to a second wastewater constituent, a third membrane selectively permeable to a third wastewater constituent, a fourth membrane impermeable to ions that allows for the separation of a fourth constituent by preventing mixing between first and third product channels when a plurality of membrane stacks are utilized, and at least four spacing frames comprising a structural element, a gasket, and a flow channel.

The present disclosure provides an intelligent low-carbon treatment and reuse system for stormwater and wastewater, including: a bioretention module for collecting stormwater and treating it to obtain treated stormwater; a numerically controlled drainage module for collecting oxidation-reduction potential data and pH data of the treated stormwater and transmitting them to a control module as environmental data, and discharging treated stormwater for a preset time period based on a first control signal sent by the control module; a stormwater and wastewater collection module for storing the discharged treated stormwater and maintaining water storage volume within a preset range; an irrigation module; and the control module. Stable, efficient and low-carbon treatment and reuse of stormwater and wastewater are achieved.

The present disclosure provides a water filter device generated using animal bone. In some embodiments, the water filter device comprises a tube containing a series of layers of animal bone granules.

A metal-chelating resin includes (a) a compound represented by Formula (I): ##STR00001##
or a stereoisomeric form thereof or a salt thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.c and R.sup.d are as defined herein; and (b) an organic polymer resin having at least one complementary reactive functional group covalently linked with at least one linking group of the compound represented by Formula (I).

A filter includes a porous molded article, which is a sintered material of mixed powder containing activated carbon powder and thermoplastic resin powder. When water having a specific electrical resistance value of 18 M.Math.cm or greater is caused to pass through the filter at a space velocity of 1200 hr.sup.1, a specific electrical resistance value of the water after being caused to pass through the filter is 13 M.Math.cm or greater. To provide a filter capable of efficiently removing metal ions in a treatment liquid and capable of easily obtaining a solution having an extremely low metal ion content.

This invention relates to treated geothermal brine compositions containing reduced concentrations of lithium, iron and silica compared to the untreated brines. Exemplary compositions contain concentration of lithium ranges from 0 to 200 mg/kg, concentration of silica ranges from 0 to 30 mg/kg, concentration of iron ranges from 0 to 300 mg/kg. Exemplary compositions also contain reduced concentrations of elements like arsenic, barium, and lead.

A water treatment system comprises a source of water including one or more contaminants, an electrocoagulation cell including a housing defining a fluid flow conduit, an anode disposed within the fluid flow conduit, and a cathode disposed within the fluid flow conduit, the housing including an inlet fluidly connectable to the source of water and an outlet, a solids/liquid separation system having an inlet fluidly connectable to the outlet of the housing of the electrocoagulation cell, a solids-rich outlet, and a solids-lean outlet, and a ballast feed system configured to deliver a ballast to the solids/liquid separation system.

A water purification apparatus includes a water intake configured to receive water to the water purification apparatus, a filter part including a plurality of filters configured to filter the water and generate purified water, a water outlet including a plurality of water outlet ports configured to discharge the purified water, and one or more pipes that define a water purification path configured to guide the water from the water intake through at least one of the plurality of filters to thereby provide the purified water to at least one of the plurality of water outlet ports.