A photoelectric conversion element includes a superlattice semiconductor layer including barrier sub-layers and quantum sub-layers (quantum dot sub-layers) alternately stacked and also includes a wavelength conversion layer containing a wavelength conversion material converting the wavelength of incident light. The wavelength conversion layer converts incident light into light with a wavelength corresponding to an optical transition from a quantum level of the conduction band of the superlattice semiconductor layer to a continuum level of the conduction band.

A modified phosphor is described comprising phosphor particles and at least one amphiphilic agent. Compositions comprising the modified phosphor and at least one polymer are also described.

Solar cells that include quantum dots are provided. In particular, a solar panel is provided, the solar panel comprising: a first solar cell comprising: a first set of quantum dots in a first semiconductor, the first semiconductor configured to receive one or more of ambient light and sunlight and emit first wavelengths a first range of about 450 nm to about 480 nm, the first set of quantum dots configured to convert the first wavelengths to a first electric output; and, a second solar cell comprising: a second set of quantum dots in a second semiconductor, the second semiconductor configured to receive one or more of the ambient light and the sunlight and emit second wavelengths a second range of about 600 nm to about 700 nm, the second set of quantum dots configured to convert the second wavelengths to a second electric output.

Various embodiments of a power source and method of forming such power source are disclosed. The power source can include a substrate and a cavity disposed in a first major surface of the substrate. The power source can also include radioactive material disposed within the cavity, where the radioactive material emits radiation particles; and particle converting material disposed within the cavity, where the particle converting material converts one or more radiation particles emitted by the radioactive material into light. The power source further includes a sealing layer disposed such that the particle converting material and the radioactive material are hermetically sealed within the cavity, and a photovoltaic device disposed adjacent the substrate. The photovoltaic device can convert at least a portion of the light emitted by the particle converting material that is incident upon an input surface of the photovoltaic device into electrical energy.

An emulsion spectrum fluid filter capable of controlling light wavelength absorption includes a transparent channel formed as a tube of a 90 degrees-rotated U shape, and an emulsion received in the transparent channel, wherein the emulsion may include dispersed oil and surfactant. Further, a method for preparing the emulsion is disclosed.

An emulsion spectrum fluid filter capable of controlling light wavelength absorption includes a transparent channel formed as a tube of a 90 degrees-rotated U shape, and an emulsion received in the transparent channel, wherein the emulsion may include dispersed oil and surfactant. Further, a method for preparing the emulsion is disclosed.

Ligand-capped inorganic particles, films composed of the ligand-capped inorganic particles, and methods of patterning the films are provided. Also provided are electronic, photonic, and optoelectronic devices that incorporate the films. The ligands that are bound to the inorganic particles are composed of a cation/anion pair. The anion of the pair is bound to the surface of the particle and at least one of the anion and the cation is photosensitive.

Systems and methods are provided for wirelessly transferring power to a multi-junction photovoltaic cell of a space apparatus via a light emission system. The light emission system uses multiple lasers emitting different wavelengths and/or photon energies to produce electron-hole pairs in each layer of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell to prompt power generation by the multi-junction photovoltaic cell. The light emission system may be located on Earth or on another space apparatus. The multi-junction photovoltaic cell can convert sunlight and the light emitted by the light emission system into electrical energy.

A luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) device is provided. The LSC device has an active layer including a modified luminophore having a polymethine component including a plurality of methine groups (CH).sub.n, where n is an odd integer greater than 1. A hydrogen atom (H) of one of the plurality of methine groups is replaced by one of -AR.sub.1R.sub.2 or -DR.sub.3, where A is selected from nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) and D is selected from oxygen (O), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), and tellurium (Te), R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from H, aliphatic groups, and aromatic groups bound to A through a carbon atom, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together form an alicyclic ring containing A, and R.sub.3 is selected from H, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, and alicyclic groups bound to D through a carbon atom.

According to at least one exemplary embodiment a heliostat driven reactor may be provided. The heliostat driven reactor may include one or more photonic collectors that collect photonic energy and disperses photonic energy, one or more mirrors which concentrate the photonic energy dispersed by the one or more photonic collectors, one or more gain mediums which receive, on one or more absorption faces, the photonic energy dispersed by the photonic energy collector and the photonic energy concentrated by the one or more mirrors, and/or a photoelectric material which receives photonic energy from the one or more gain mediums and converts the photonic energy into electrical energy.