A pouch battery cell includes a rigid frame forming a skeleton of the cell and defining an aperture, an anode, a separator, a cathode, and a thermal transfer device disposed within the aperture, the anode and cathode each including a current collector with an exposed tab portion bonded to a terminal, integrated into the frame, and the thermal transfer device integrated into the frame and partially extending to the cell exterior.

A fuel cell separator 10 includes a power generation section 10B provided in a central region on a surface of the separator formed into a plate, a plurality of manifolds 11A, 11B, 12A, and 12B provided in a region closer to the outer periphery than the power generation section 10B, and a reinforcing portion 14A provided so as to extend from a manifold beam portion 15 formed between the plurality of manifolds 11A, 11B, 12A, and 12B to a gap region 13 formed between the power generation section 10B and the manifolds 11A, 11B, 12A, and 12B.

The present invention relates to a redox flow battery stack including: an ion exchange membrane 180; and flow frames 160A and 160B disposed at both sides of the ion exchange membrane 180, respectively, in which semicircular grooves are provided on the flow frames 160A and 160B, and the semicircular grooves 161A and 162A of the flow frame 160A are fitted with the semicircular grooves 161B and 162B of the corresponding flow frame 160B during assembly to form at least one of an inlet port and an outlet port.

High performance flow batteries, based on alkaline zinc/ferro-ferricyanide rechargeable (ZnFe) and similar flow batteries, may include one or more of the following improvements. First, the battery design has a cell stack comprising a low resistance positive electrode in at least one positive half cell and a low resistance negative electrode in at least one negative half cell, where the positive electrode and negative electrode resistances are selected for uniform high current density across a region of the cell stack. Second, a flow of electrolyte, such as zinc species in the ZnFe battery, with a high level of mixing through at least one negative half cell in a Zn deposition region proximate a deposition surface where the electrolyte close to the deposition surface has sufficiently high zinc concentration for deposition rates on the deposition surface that sustain the uniform high current density.

A redox flow battery system including a reactive cell with an anode chamber separated from a cathode chamber separated by an ion-permeable membrane is provided. A catholyte reservoir is connected to the cathode chamber by a catholyte fluid circulation circuit. An anolyte reservoir is connected to the anolyte chamber by an anolyte fluid circulation circuit. Nitrogen sparging of reactive oxygen from the catholyte fluid in the catholyte reservoir prevents the formation of a finely divided solid precipitate in the catholyte fluid. Nitrogen may be provided from an external source of nitrogen. Nitrogen may also be provided by the in situ generation of nitrogen from air.

A zinc-air cell, a battery which is a low weight, low volume, or higher energy system, or a combination thereof and an apparatus for recharging the same are disclosed.

A secondary battery is provided. The secondary battery includes an electrode assembly that is sealed in a receiving portion of a pouch-type battery case together with an electrolyte. The pouch-type battery case is formed from a laminate sheet having an exterior coating layer, a metal layer and an interior adhesive layer. Additionally, electrolyte holding portion for replenishing an electrolyte that is depleted during the manufacturing process or the use of the secondary battery is disposed in the laminate sheet, without contacting the electrolyte disposed in the receiving portion of the pouch-type battery case.

It is an object to provide a metal-air battery capable of, in particular, properly discharging produced gas externally, and performing rapid water supply. A metal-air battery according to the present invention is characterized by including a unit body including a plurality of metal-air battery cells; a water supply space provided on a top surface of the unit body and is common to the metal-air battery cells; and a wiring opening which communicably connects with the water supply space and from which wires connected to electrodes of the metal-air battery cells are drawn out. A tubular portion having the wiring opening projects from the top surface of the unit body.

The invention relates essentially to an electrical insulation and sealing surround for distributing gases in a high temperature steam electrolyzer of SOEC type or in a fuel cell of SOFC type. According to the invention, some of the functions of sealing, distributing gases and providing electrical insulation between interconnectors are grouped together within one and same component in the form of a surround made of electrically insulating material, the recessed zones of which serve to support the actual sealing gaskets, making them easier to use and to maintain.

A secondary battery in which convection in an electrolyte solution occurs easily is provided. A secondary battery whose electrolyte solution can be replaced is provided. A nonaqueous secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte solution, and the separator includes grooves capable of making convection in the electrolyte solution occur easily. The nonaqueous secondary battery has at least one expected installation direction, and the grooves in the separator are preferably formed so as to be perpendicular to an expected installation surface. The exterior body includes a first opening for injection of an inert gas into the exterior body and a second opening for expelling or injection of an electrolyte solution from or into the exterior body. An electrolyte solution replacement apparatus has a function of injecting the inert gas through the first opening and expelling or injecting the electrolyte solution through the second opening.