A method of making NiO nanoparticles is described, as well as a method of using NiO nanoparticles as an electrocatalyst component to a porous carbon electrode. The carbon electrode may be made of carbonized filter paper. Together, this carbon-supported NiO electrode may be used for water electrolysis. Using a pamoic acid salt in the NiO nanoparticle synthesis leads to smaller and monodisperse nanoparticles, which support higher current densities.

The present invention provides a gas generator and comprises an electrolytic cell, a gas pathway, and an anti-static device. The electrolytic cell is for electrolyzing electrolyzed water to generate a gas with hydrogen. The gas generated from the electrolytic cell is transferred by the gas pathway. The anti-static device is set in the gas generator for reducing or eliminating the static electricity. The present invention uses the anti-static device to prevent the gas with hydrogen in the gas pathway from exploding by the static electricity, thereby providing a safe gas generator.

A dual-chamber electrolysis vessel safely stores HHO gas for use by an internal combustion engine.

An ultra low quantity of HHO gas is introduced to an internal combustion engine to improve fuel economy and/or reduce engine-out emissions, for example in a vehicle or generator.

Provided is a method capable of producing, in a simple and low-cost manner, an electrolysis electrode which can be used in alkaline water electrolysis and has superior durability against output variation. The method for producing an anode for alkaline water electrolysis includes: a step of dissolving lithium nitrate and a nickel carboxylate in water to prepare an aqueous solution containing lithium ions and nickel ions, a step of applying the aqueous solution to the surface of a conductive substrate having at least the surface composed of nickel or a nickel-based alloy, and a step of subjecting the conductive substrate to which the aqueous solution has been applied to a heat treatment at a temperature within a range from at least 450 C. to not more than 600 C., thereby forming a catalyst layer composed of a lithium-containing nickel oxide on the conductive substrate.

An individual solid oxide cell (SOC) constructed of a sandwich configuration including in the following order: an oxygen electrode, a solid oxide electrolyte, a fuel electrode, a fuel manifold, and at least one layer of mesh. In one embodiment, the mesh supports a reforming catalyst resulting in a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) having a reformer embedded therein. The reformer-modified SOFC functions internally to steam reform or partially oxidize a gaseous hydrocarbon, e.g. methane, to a gaseous reformate of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, which is converted in the SOC to water, carbon dioxide, or a mixture thereof, and an electrical current. In another embodiment, an electrical insulator is disposed between the fuel manifold and the mesh resulting in a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC), which functions to electrolyze water and/or carbon dioxide.

A heating apparatus of a water electrolysis system includes: an enclosure with a draw-in hole; a heating unit accommodated in the enclosure; a blowing unit for directing outside air to the heating unit; a circulation channel for directing part of air heated by the heating unit to a space between the heating unit and the blowing unit; and a draw-out portion for leading the air heated by the heating unit to the outside. The air in the circulation channel is introduced to a space between the heating unit and the blowing unit due to the Venturi effect.

The invention concerns an electrochemical reactor or modular unit designed to obtain a pure gas mixture of hydrogen and oxygen through the water electrolysis process. The electrochemical reactor includes a containment cabinet that is defined by four walls which form a prismatic cube with a base, and it is open at its upper surface. Within it, a number of conductive or semi-conductive plates are housed in parallel and insulated from each other, connecting all the cells by means of soldered electric connection, located at the ends of the cube, as well as other devices used for the dehumidification of gas and the refrigeration of condensed water. Its internal configuration is designed to allow for easy replenishment of water, while maintaining the isolation of the cells during operation. The abovementioned electrolysis occurs inside the cube.

Features for an aqueous reactor include a field generator. The field generator includes a series of parallel conductive plates including a series of intermediate neutral plates. The intermediate neutral plates are arranged in interleaved sets between an anode and a cathode. Other features of the aqueous reactor may include a sealed reaction vessel, fluid circulation manifold, electrical power modulator, vacuum port, and barrier membrane. Methods of using the field generator include immersion in an electrolyte solution and application of an external voltage and vacuum to generate hydrogen and oxygen gases. The reactor and related components can be arranged to produce gaseous fuel or liquid fuel. In one use, a mixture of a carbon based material and a liquid hydrocarbon is added. The preferred carbon based material is powdered coal.

Systems and methods of enhancing oil recovery with an electrochemical apparatus include introducing the electrochemical apparatus into an injection well bore. The electrochemical apparatus includes an anode, a cathode and an interior wall, the interior wall defining an interior that contains both the anode and the cathode. The electrochemical apparatus is operated such that injection water of the injection well bore is introduced into the interior of the electrochemical apparatus. Electrical power is introduced to the electrochemical apparatus such that a portion of the injection water is converted into a product gas, the product gas including hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The electrochemical apparatus is operated such that the product gas forms product gas bubbles and the product gas bubbles travel into a formation, where the product gas bubbles react with a reservoir hydrocarbon of the formation to form a production fluid that is produced through a production well bore.