A method for forming a dielectric elastomer transducer of the present invention includes: a first electrode layer fixing step of fixing a first electrode layer to a target object; a dielectric elastomer layer fixing step of fixing a dielectric elastomer layer to the first electrode layer; and a second electrode layer fixing step of fixing a second electrode layer to the dielectric elastomer layer. This configuration ensures that the dielectric elastomer transducer highly conforms to the target object.

An object is to provide a piezoelectric film with good piezoelectricity. This object can be achieved by a piezoelectric film comprising a vinylidene fluoride/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer film and having a residual polarization amount of 40 mC/m.sup.2 or more.

A dielectric elastomer transducer A1 includes a dielectric elastomer layer 2, a pair of electrode layers 3A, 3B sandwiching the dielectric elastomer layer 2, and a support 1 that supports the dielectric elastomer layer 2. The dielectric elastomer layer 2 includes a movable region 21 separated from the support 1 and a fixed region 22 supported by the support 1. A pair of conduction paths 8A, 8B are established that are configured to conduct electricity to the electrode layers 3A, 3B via power cables 4A, 4B and power supply points 6A, 6B at which core wires 41A, 41B of the power cables 4A, 4B are electrically connected, respectively. The power supply points 6A, 6B are separated from the movable region 21 of the dielectric elastomer layer 2. This arrangement improves the durability of the dielectric elastomer transducer.

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including combination therapy systems for the treatment of infections. These systems comprising: an ultrasound device capable of producing ultrasonic acoustic pressure; and a biodegradable piezoelectric film comprising polymer-based piezoelectric material, poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber mesh configured to, when placed in an electrolytically conductive environment comprising water and stimulated with the ultrasonic acoustic pressure, vibrate generating electricity to locally decomposes the water into reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce a broad-spectrum bactericidal effect.

A piezoelectric sensor, comprising: a stress applying layer in which a plurality of stress applying grooves extending in parallel with a first direction are formed in a predetermined region on a whole surface; and a piezoelectric layer that is layered on the stress applying layer and formed from a polymer piezoelectric material containing an optical active polymer.

An electroactive polymer actuator includes an electroactive polymer structure and a driver for providing an actuation drive signal. In one aspect, a first drive level is used to charge the electroactive polymer structure from a non-actuated state to an actuated state. When or after the electroactive polymer structure reaches the actuated state, a lower second drive level is used to hold the electroactive polymer structure at the actuated state. This temporary overdrive scheme improves the speed response without damaging the electroactive polymer structure. In another aspect, a driving method makes use of several different level segments over time, which compensates for the delayed actuation response of the EAP actuator.

The present invention provides a composition for forming a polyvinylidene fluoride film, which contains: a polyvinylidene fluoride; at least one surfactant that is selected from among sulfuric acid-based surfactants, sulfonic acid-based surfactants and quaternary ammonium salt type surfactants; and a solvent.

A material that includes a polymer foam and at least one polar dopant molecule included in the polymer foam, wherein the material is a piezoelectric.

The present invention discloses a flexible sensor detection system for medical care and health, including: an information collection module, which uses a wearable device as a carrier, where flexible sensors are respectively arranged on the wearable device; an information transmission module, configured to wirelessly transmit collected information to an information processing and feedback module; and the information processing and feedback module, configured to perform grading treatment on received data information and feed back a health condition corresponding to the data information to the information transmission module, where the information transmission module compares feedback health condition data with a preset health threshold to determine whether to give an alarm. A heart rate ECG band, a breathing band, a shell temperature band, a blood flow rate band, a blood glucose band, a blood oxygen band, and a deep temperature band of the present invention are provided with the built-in flexible sensors.

Aspects of the present disclosure describe systems, methods, and structures that scavenge mechanical energy to provide electrical energy to a wearable, where the mechanical energy is scavenged by a bending-strain-based transducer that includes a non-resonant energy harvester. By employing a non-resonant energy harvester that operates in bending mode, more electrical energy can be generated that possible with prior-art energy harvesters. In some embodiments the bending-strain-based transducer also includes a sensor and/or a haptic device. Some transducers in accordance with the present disclosure comprise a piezoelectric layer comprising a low-K piezoelectric material, such as aluminum nitride, which enables generation of higher voltage and power/energy output and/or a thinner transducer. As a result, transducers in accordance with the present disclosure can be included in wearables for which large transducer thickness would be problematic, such as sole members (e.g., shoe insoles, midsoles or outsoles), garments, bras, handbags, backpacks, and the like.