Disclosed herein are microfluidic systems with recirculation of fluid and computer-implemented methods of calculating conditions within the microfluidic systems. The microfluidic systems include a computing device and a microfluidic device having first and second reservoirs, at least one chamber, and a fluid path connecting the first reservoir, the chamber, and the second reservoir. The methods for calculating conditions include receiving a first reservoir fluid volume, a second reservoir fluid volume, a first concentration, and a second concentration. The methods further include receiving a time-dependent imposed pressure difference between the first reservoir and the second reservoir, then determining a hydraulic pressure difference and an effective pressure difference. The effective pressure difference is used to account for reactions occurring within the microfluidic device and to determine the value of the condition within the microfluidic device. Methods of performing an experiment using a microfluidic device with recirculation are also disclosed herein.

The present disclosure relates to applying genetic optimization to a routing strategy associated with an electronic design. Embodiments may include receiving pin and net information from an electronic design file and determining a minimum spanning tree for all pins associated with each net. Embodiments may include identifying pairs of connected pins and representing the pins as at least one line segment without layer information. Embodiments may include generating a crossing map based upon the line segments and assigning random layer information to each of the line segments. Embodiments may further include performing crossover and mutation operations to the line segments using hyperparameters and evaluating a fitness of the line segments. Embodiments may also include instantiating vias based upon a layer to which the line segment was assigned.

A computer-implemented method for creating a computer-aided design (CAD) corresponding to a 2-dimensional rendering of an unfolded blank configured for manipulation into a 3-dimensional shape. The method includes obtaining a first digital, non-CAD design file containing information relating to the unfolded blank geometry but lacking metadata that defines cut or crease lines separately from surrounding content, and deriving, with a computer processor, a digital representation of the unfolded blank geometry based upon the first digital non-CAD design file. The digital representation includes defined data corresponding to a shape having one or more defined cut and/or crease lines. A system for performing the method includes a computer processor and machine-readable media accessible by the computer processor comprising non-transitory, instructions readable by the computer processor for performing the method steps of defining the digital non-CAD design file and deriving the digital representation therefrom.

A method for providing an integrated circuit design is disclosed. The method includes receiving and synthesizing a behavioral description of an integrated circuit design. The method includes generating, based on the synthesized behavioral description, a layout by placing and routing a plurality of transistor-based cells. The method includes selectively accessing a cell library that includes a plurality of non-transistor-based cells, each of the plurality of non-transistor-based cells associated with a respective delay value. The method includes updating the layout by inserting one or more of the plurality of non-transistor-based cells.

A computer-readable storage medium that stores computer program code which, when executed by one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to execute tools for designing an integrated circuit (IC). The tools include a placing and routing tool that generates layout data and wire data corresponding to a net included in the IC by placing and routing standard cells defining the IC, the wire data including physical information of a wire implementing the net, and a timing analysis tool that calculates a wire delay with respect to the wire corresponding to the net, based on the physical information, updates the wire delay based on process variation of the wire, and calculates a timing slack by using the updated wire delay.

Disclosed are computer implemented techniques for conducting a fluid simulation of a porous medium. These techniques involve retrieving a representation of a three dimensional porous medium, the representation including pore space corresponding to the porous medium, with the representation including at least one portion of under-resolved pore structure in the porous medium, defining a representative flow model that includes the under-resolved pore structure in the representation, and constructing by the computer system fluid force curves that correspond to fluid forces in the under-resolved pore structure in the representation.

The techniques disclosed herein help designers find interesting designs for small electrical, mechanical, and/or hydraulic mechanisms by exhaustively enumerating the design space given a library of components and a maximum number of components allowed per design. Some embodiments work by creating a design space grammar of designs, solving the equations associated with parts of the grammar, and putting the solutions into equivalence classes. This dramatically reduces the number of designs that have to be evaluated to see if they satisfy the design criteria. The result is often a small number of base designs that show the range of possible solutions to the design problem.

A method, system, and article of manufacture provide for multi-user collaboration on a three-dimensional (3D) design. The 3D design is acquired in a computer-aided design (CAD) application. A commenting process for a comment to be associated with a selected part of the 3D design is activated. Textual user input for the comment is dynamically processed as the comment is received. The processing recognizes that the text relates to creating or modifying the selected part, retrieves a list of alternative parts (based on similarities between the alternative parts and the selected part), and displays a graphic representation of an alternative part. An alternative part is selected and inserted in the comment as a proposed replacement part. The comment including the proposed replacement part is provided to another user.

A method for optimizing component type arrangement in which multiple component types are optimally disposed on multiple installation positions when an automatic feeder device which automatically loads the component storage tape, a manual feeder device which does not automatically load the component storage tape, and a reel holding device are installed into the installation positions on a common pallet, the method includes a step of determining a portion of the multiple installation positions as a fixed position and fixing the determined automatic feeder device to the fixed position; and an optimizing step of performing a simulation optimally disposing the multiple component types on the multiple installation positions under a condition that the manual feeder device can be moved to an arbitrary installation position other than the fixed position without moving the automatic feeder device from the fixed position.

A method for optimizing orientations of an anisotropic material in a component. For example, the method overcomes the non-uniqueness and gimbal locking problems associated with using Euler angles to define the orientation by instead parameterizing the orientation using an orientation tensor that is a self-dyadic product of a direction vector. To avoid non-linear constraints in the mathematical design variables used in the optimization, isoparametric shape functions map the mathematical design variables to physical design variables, and the mapping ensures that various constraints associated with tensor invariants of the orientation tensor are satisfied even though these constraints are not directly imposed on the mathematical design variables. The physical design variables are used to model the component, whereas optimization is performed using the mathematical design variables. Thus, optimization is greatly simplified by removing the tensor-invariant constraints from the optimization step to the mapping step.