The present invention relates to a method of producing a porous composite comprising single-atom metal catalysts and nitrogen atoms by using a hierarchical carbon material from a carbon dioxide-containing gas. According to the present invention, a composite material is produced by producing a porous carbon material using nanosized templates and carbon dioxide, producing carbon nanotubes from the composite material through a self-templating process, and adding single-atom catalysts to the carbon nanofibers. In addition, it is possible to produce a composite having significantly improved porous characteristics and electrochemical properties by nitrogen atom doping using a nitrogen precursor. The produced composite may be easily applied to a high-energy storage device such as a lithium-sulfur battery.

A method of manufacturing a methane oxidation catalyst and methane oxidation catalysts formed by the method are provided. The method includes providing a palladium (Pd)-based catalyst including Pd dispersed onto a support. A magnesium (Mg) precursor is introduced to the Pd-based catalyst by one of ion exchange or incipient wetness impregnation. After introducing the magnesium precursor to the Pd-based catalyst, the catalyst is dried and subjected to a final heat treatment that includes hydrothermal calcination. A method of methane oxidation in a lean exhaust environment via the methane oxidation catalyst is also provided.

A method comprising a) contacting a solvent, a carboxylic acid, and a peroxide-containing compound to form an acidic mixture wherein a weight ratio of solvent to carboxylic acid in the acidic mixture is from about 1:1 to about 100:1; b) contacting a titanium-containing compound and the acidic mixture to form a solubilized titanium mixture wherein an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to carboxylic acid in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:4 and an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to peroxide-containing compound in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:20; and c) contacting a chromium-silica support comprising from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % water and the solubilized titanium mixture to form an addition product and drying the addition product by heating to a temperature in a range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. and maintaining the temperature in the range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. for a time period of from about 30 minutes to about 6 hours to form a pre-catalyst.

A method of preparing a mesoporous Fe—Cu—SSZ-13 molecular sieve includes activating an aluminum source, a silicon source, an iron source and a copper source respectively; mixing the activated minerals with sodium hydroxide, water and a seed crystal at 25-90° C., while controlling feeding amounts of respective raw materials so that molar ratios of respective materials in a synthesis system are as follows: SiO.sub.2/Al.sub.2O.sub.3=10-100, SiO.sub.2/Fe.sub.2O.sub.3=30-3000, SiO.sub.2/CuO=1-100, Na.sub.2O/SiO.sub.2=0.1-0.5, H.sub.2O/SiO.sub.2=10-50, template/SiO.sub.2=0.01-0.5; adding an acid source to adjust pH of the system for first aging; and adding the acid source again to adjust the pH of the system for second aging to obtain aged gel; pouring an aged mixture into a kettle; cooling a crystallized product and filtering to remove a liquor; washing a filter cake; drying to obtain a solid; performing ion exchange; and filtering, washing and drying the solid to obtain powder; and placing the powder in a muffle furnace.

According to one or more embodiments presently disclosed, a catalyst for converting hydrocarbons may include catalytic oxidized metal materials comprising oxidized iron, oxidized cobalt, and oxidized copper. At least 95 wt. % of the catalytic oxidized metal materials may be a combination of oxidized iron, oxidized cobalt, and oxidized copper. The catalyst may additionally include a mesoporous support material comprising pores having an average pore diameter of from 2 nm to 50 nm. At least 95 wt. % of the mesoporous support material may comprise alumina. At least 95 wt. % of the catalyst may be the combination of the catalytic oxidized metal materials and the mesoporous support material. Additional embodiments are included, such as methods for making the presently disclosed catalysts.

Embodiments of catalyst systems and methods of synthesizing catalyst systems are provided. The catalyst system may include a core comprising a zeolite; and a shell comprising a microporous fibrous silica. The shell may be in direct contact with at least a majority of an outer surface of the core. The catalyst system may have a Si/Al molar ratio greater than 5. At least a portion of the shell may have a thickness of from 50 nanometers (nm) to 600 nm.

Embodiments of catalyst systems and methods of synthesizing catalyst systems are provided. The catalyst system may include a core comprising a zeolite; and a shell comprising a microporous fibrous silica. The shell may be in direct contact with at least a majority of an outer surface of the core. The catalyst system may have a Si/Al molar ratio greater than 5. At least a portion of the shell may have a thickness of from 50 nanometers (nm) to 360 nm.

Methods of simultaneously converting butanes and methanol to olefins over Ti-containing zeolite catalysts are described. The exothermicity of the alcohols to olefins reaction is matched by endothermicity of dehydrogenation reaction of butane(s) to light olefins resulting in a thermo-neutral process. The Ti-containing zeolites provide excellent selectivity to light olefins as well as exceptionally high hydrothermal stability. The coupled reaction may advantageously be conducted in a staged reactor with methanol/DME conversion zones alternating with zones for butane(s) dehydrogenation. The resulting light olefins can then be reacted with iso-butane to produce high-octane alkylate. The net result is a highly efficient and low cost method for converting methanol and butanes to alkylate.

A porous polymer has a pore volume of 0.3 to 2.5 cm.sup.3/g and comprises a pore having a first pore diameter and a pore having a second pore diameter. A ratio of pore volume of the pore having a first pore diameter to pore volume of the pore having a second pore diameter is 1 to 10:1. The porous polymer is obtained by self-polymerization or copolymerization of at least one of the phosphorus ligands, and phosphorous content of the porous polymer is 1 to 5 mmol/g. The porous polymer-nickel catalyst made of the porous polymer has a significant increase in water resistance, which may reduce the consumption of phosphorus ligands, eliminating the steps of removing water from raw materials and reaction system water control, which greatly saves process equipment investment. When used in the preparation of adiponitrile from butadiene, it has high catalytic activity, high reaction selectivity, and high linearity.

The present disclosure relates to a titanium-organic framework photocatalyst for adsorption and decomposition of a volatile organic compound, a method for preparing the same and a method for removing a volatile organic compound using a titanium-organic framework photocatalyst. More specifically, a hierarchical pore structure can be formed and a pore size can be controlled by preparing a titanium-organic framework photocatalyst by coordination bonding a titanium precursor to a mixture of two carboxylic acid compounds having different electronegativity, as organic linkers, at an optimized ratio. The titanium-organic framework photocatalyst exhibits improved efficiency of adsorbing and decomposing a volatile organic compound (VOC) and can improve the photocatalytic degradation rate of the volatile organic compound (VOC).