Described herein are reusable, mesh-based catalysts with superior mechanical stability and magnetic separability wherein the mesh may be formed in a variety of shapes and can be easily separated from a process stream and in combination with biomass torrefaction, reduces toxic emissions and produce hydrogen gas, which can be burned at the facility to generate heat or electricity.

A method for controlling a reductant generation device 100, the reductant generation device 100 including: a sprayer 10 capable of spraying a reductant precursor 50; and a heater 20 comprising a ceramic substrate 21, the heater 20 being arranged on a downstream side of the sprayer 10 and capable of heating the reductant precursor 50 to generate a reductant 60. The method includes: a permeation step of spraying the reductant precursor 50 from the sprayer 10 and permeating the ceramic substrate 21 with the reductant precursor 50 when the heater is not heated; and after the permeation step, a heating step A of heating the reductant precursor 50 by the heater 20 and generating the reductant 60 while spraying the reductant precursor 50 from the sprayer 10.

A supported catalyst having rhodium particles with an average diameter of less than 1 nm disposed on a support material containing magnetic iron oxide (e.g. Fe.sub.3O.sub.4). A method of producing the supported catalyst and a process of reducing nitroarenes to corresponding aromatic amines employing the supported catalyst with a high product yield are also described. The supported catalyst may be recovered with ease using an external magnet and reused.

The present invention relates to a specific continuous process for preparing a zeolitic material having a framework structure type selected from the group consisting of MFI, MEL, IMF, SVY, FER, SVR, and intergrowth structures of two or more thereof, preferably an MFI- and/or MEL-type framework structure, comprising Si, Ti, and O, and to a zeolitic material as obtainable and/or obtained according to said process. Further, the present invention relates to a process for preparing a molding, and to a molding obtainable and/or obtained according to said process. Yet further, the present invention relates to a use of said zeolitic material and molding.

There is provided a method of preparing a photoelectrochemical and electrochemical electrode catalyst, the method including preparing a metal oxide-based electrode, introducing a phosphate layer on a surface of the metal oxide-based electrode; and converting the phosphate layer into an oxyhydroxide layer by performing electrochemical activation on the phosphate layer.

The efficiency of selective oxidation reaction of ammonia in wastewater may be improved.

Carbon-based single metal atom or bimetallic, trimetallic, or multimetallic alloy transition metal-containing catalysts derived from exoelectrogen bacteria and their methods of making and using thereof are described. The method comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a solution medium comprising at least an electron donor and an electron acceptor comprised of one or more salts of a transition metal; (b) providing exoelectrogen bacterial cells and mixing the exoelectrogen bacterial cells into the solution medium of step (a); (c) incubating the solution medium of step (b); (d) isolating the exoelectrogen bacterial cells from the incubated solution medium of step (c); and (e) pyrolyzing the exoelectrogen bacterial cells resulting in formation of the catalyst. The electron donor can be formate, acetate, or hydrogen.

A synthetic methodology for robust, nanostructured films of cobalt oxide over metal evaporated gold or similar material layer of, e.g., 50 nm, directly onto glass or other substrates via aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD). This approach allows film growth rates in the range of, e.g., 0.8 nm/s, using a commercially available precursor, which is ˜10-fold the rate of electrochemical synthetic routes. Thus, 250 nm thick cobalt oxide films may be generated in only 5 minutes of deposition time. The water oxidation reaction for such films may start at ˜0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl with current density of 10 mA/cm.sup.2 and is achieved at ˜0.75 V corresponding to an overpotential of 484 mV. This current density is further increased to 60 mA/cm.sup.2 at ˜1.5 V (vs Ag/AgCl). Electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) calculations indicate that the synergy between a Au-film, acting as electron sink, and the cobalt oxide film(s), acting as catalytic layer(s), are more pronounced than the surface area effects.

The invention relates to a a method for producing a synthesis gas for use in the production of a hydrocarbon product, particularly a synthetic fuel, said method comprising the steps of: providing a hydrocarbon feed stream comprising biogas; optionally, purifying the hydrocarbon feed stream in a gas purification unit; optionally, prereforming the hydrocarbon feed stream together with a steam feedstock in a prereforming unit; carrying out steam methane reforming in a reforming reactor heated by means of an electrical power source; providing the synthesis gas to a synthetic fuel synthesis unit, preferably a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis unit, for converting said synthesis gas into hydrocarbon product and producing a tail gas. The invention also relates to a system for producing a synthesis gas for use in the production of a hydrocarbon product, particularly a synthetic fuel.

Structured catalyst arranged for catalyzing an endothermic reaction of a feed gas, said structured catalyst comprising a macroscopic structure of electrically conductive material, said macroscopic structure supporting a ceramic coating, wherein said ceramic coating supports a catalytically active material, wherein the electrically conductive material at least partly is a composite in the form of a homogenous mixture of an electrically conductive metallic material and a ceramic material, wherein the macroscopic structure at least partly is composed of two or more materials with different resistivities.

A pillar shaped honeycomb structure includes: an outer peripheral wall; and porous partition walls disposed on an inner side of the outer peripheral wall, the partition walls defining a plurality of cells, each of the cells penetrating from one end face to other end face to form a flow path, wherein at least one cell of the cells has a magnetic substance coated with glass.