An as-synthesized microporous material having a CHA structure and containing a first and a second organic structure directing agent (OSDA), wherein the first OSDA has the following general structure of the quaternary ammonium cation is disclosed:

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A microporous crystalline material made from the as-synthesized material is also disclosed. A method of making microporous crystalline material using combined organic structure directing agents is also disclosed. A method of selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas that comprises contacting exhaust gases, typically in the presence of ammonia, urea, an ammonia generating compound, or a hydrocarbon compound, with an article comprising the disclosed microporous crystalline is further disclosed.

A honeycomb structure includes a pillar-shaped honeycomb structure body having a porous partition wall disposed to surround a plurality of cells, wherein a major component of the partition wall is cordierite, a porosity of the partition wall is 45 to 55%, an average pore diameter of the partition wall is 8 to 19 μm, a cumulative pore volume of the partition wall is such that a pore volume ratio of the pores having a pore diameter larger than a thickness of the partition wall relative to an overall pore volume of the partition wall is 3.0% or less, and a pore volume ratio of the pores having a pore diameter of 10 μm or less relative to the overall pore volume of the partition wall is 30% or more, and a pore diameter distribution of the partition wall is a unimodal distribution, or a multimodal distribution.

Embodiments of the disclosure provide a method for producing light olefins from a hydrocarbon feed. The hydrocarbon feed and a water feed are introduced to a reactor to produce an effluent stream. The reactor is operated at a temperature and pressure such that cracking reactions occur in the reactor. The reactor includes a catalyst bed including a nanoscale zeolite catalyst having a crystal size ranging between 10 nm and 300 nm. The effluent stream includes the light olefins. The effluent stream is introduced to a first separator to produce a gas phase fraction and a liquid phase fraction. The gas phase fraction includes the light olefins. The liquid phase fraction is introduced to a second separator to produce a liquid hydrocarbon stream and a spent water stream.

A composite material is used for desulfurization. The composite material contains activated carbon, alkali metal oxides, silicon oxides, iron oxides, and rare earth element oxides. The weight ratio among the activated carbon, iron oxides and rare earth element oxides is 100:(0.5-5):(1-10). The composite material, used as a sulfur adsorbent, has a higher sulfur breakthrough capacity and desulfurization rate.

A metal-supported catalyst, battery electrode, and battery, each having excellent catalytic activity and durability. The metal-supported catalyst includes: a carbon carrier; and catalyst metal particles supported thereon, wherein, in a photoelectron spectrum obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the catalyst exhibits, as a peak derived from a is orbital of a nitrogen atom, a peak to be separated into peaks of first to sixth nitrogen atoms having peak tops in the following respective ranges: (1) 398.6±0.2 eV; (2) 399.5±0.3 eV; (3) 400.5±0.2 eV; (4) 401.3±0.3 eV; (5) 403.4±0.4 eV; and (6) 404.5±0.5 eV, wherein a ratio of a peak area of the second nitrogen atoms to a total peak area of the nitrogen atoms of the (1) to (6) is 0.03 or more, and wherein a ratio of a concentration of the second nitrogen atoms to a concentration of carbon atoms measured by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is 0.0005 or more.

A metal-supported catalyst, a battery electrode, and a battery, each having both excellent catalytic activity and durability. The metal-supported catalyst includes: a carbon carrier; and catalyst metal particles each containing a noble metal supported on the carbon carrier, wherein a volume of first pores each having a diameter of 0.5 nm or more and 2.0 nm or less per unit weight of the carbon carrier is 0.20 (cm.sup.3/g-carrier) or more, wherein a volume of second pores each having a diameter of more than 2.0 nm and 4.0 nm or less per unit weight of the carbon carrier is 0.20 (cm.sup.3/g-carrier) or more, and wherein a ratio of a content (wt %) of the noble metal measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, to a content (wt %) of the noble metal measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, is 0.35 or more and 0.75 or less.

The present disclosure is directed to a Low Temperature NOx-Absorber (LT-NA) catalyst composition which exhibits NOx adsorption in a broad temperature and space velocity range, and shifts NOx desorption to a desired temperature range. In particular, the LT-NA composition includes a large pore zeolite containing a palladium component and a small or medium pore zeolite containing a palladium component. Further provided is a catalyst article including the LT-NA catalyst composition, an emission treatment system for treating an exhaust gas including the catalyst article, and methods for reducing a NOx level in an exhaust gas stream using the catalyst article.

A substrate (11) of an exhaust gas purification catalyst (10) includes inflow-side cells (21), outflow-side cells (22), and porous partition walls (23), each porous partition wall separating the cells (21, 22) from each other. A first catalyst portions (14) is provided at least on a portion of a side of the partition wall (23) that faces the inflow-side cell (21), the portion being located on an upstream side in an exhaust gas flow direction, and a second catalyst portion (15) is provided at least on a portion of a side of the partition wall that faces the outflow-side cell, the portion being located on a downstream side in the exhaust gas flow direction. A first pore volume is greater than a second pore volume, where the first pore volume is a pore volume of pores with a pore size of 10 μm to 18 μm, as measured on the first catalyst portions (14) and the partition walls (23) within a region where the first catalyst portions (14) are provided, and the second pore volume is a pore volume of pores with a pore size of 10 μm to 18 μm, as measured on the second catalyst portions (15) and the partition walls (23) within a region where the second catalyst portions (15) are provided. The first catalyst portion (14) exhibits the peak top of the pore size at between 20 nm and 500 nm.

An exhaust gas purification catalyst device includes a honeycomb base material and an inlet-side coat layer, wherein: the honeycomb base material includes a plurality of cells partitioned by porous partition walls, the plurality of cells including inlet-side cells and outlet-side cells and being configured such that exhaust gas that has flowed into the inlet-side cells passes through the partition walls and is exhausted from the outlet-side cells; and the inlet-side coat layer is present on the surface sides of the partition walls of the inlet-side cells, with the proportion of 4-9 μm through-pores in the through-pore diameter distribution of the partition walls being at least 80 vol %, and the peak pore diameter measured using a mercury porosimeter being at least 3.0 μm greater than the peak through-pore diameter measured using a perm porometer.

Described herein is a simple and versatile synthetic strategy for the preparation of metal-organic frameworks comprising a carbon matrix doped with nitrogen atoms, wherein transition metal ions are bonded to the carbon matrix via the nitrogen atoms. This strategy is applicable for the synthesis of single metal catalysts or multi metal catalysts rich with atomically dispersed metal active sites. The metal-organic frameworks provided herein have numerous application when used in fuel cells.