Embodiments relate to xMR sensors, in particular AMR and/or TMR angle sensors with an angle range of 360 degrees. In embodiments, AMR angle sensors with a range of 360 degrees combine conventional, highly accurate AMR angle structures with structures in which an AMR layer is continuously magnetically biased by an exchange bias coupling effect. The equivalent bias field is lower than the external rotating magnetic field and is applied continuously to separate sensor structures. Thus, in contrast with conventional solutions, no temporary, auxiliary magnetic field need be generated, and embodiments are suitable for magnetic fields up to about 100 mT or more. Additional embodiments relate to combined TMR and AMR structures. In such embodiments, a TMR stack with a free layer functioning as an AMR structure is used. With a single such stack, contacted in different modes, a high-precision angle sensor with 360 degrees of uniqueness can be realized.

Embodiments relate to xMR sensors, in particular AMR and/or TMR angle sensors with an angle range of 360 degrees. In embodiments, AMR angle sensors with a range of 360 degrees combine conventional, highly accurate AMR angle structures with structures in which an AMR layer is continuously magnetically biased by an exchange bias coupling effect. The equivalent bias field is lower than the external rotating magnetic field and is applied continuously to separate sensor structures. Thus, in contrast with conventional solutions, no temporary, auxiliary magnetic field need be generated, and embodiments are suitable for magnetic fields up to about 100 mT or more. Additional embodiments relate to combined TMR and AMR structures. In such embodiments, a TMR stack with a free layer functioning as an AMR structure is used. With a single such stack, contacted in different modes, a high-precision angle sensor with 360 degrees of uniqueness can be realized.

A method and apparatus for transmitting a service flow based on a flexible Ethernet, where a bandwidth resource corresponding to a bundling group (BG) of a flexible Ethernet is divided into M timeslots, service data of a service flow is encapsulated in N timeslots in the M timeslots, and the method includes: when a first PHY in the BG fails, determining, based on a preconfigured first timeslot configuration table (TCT), a target timeslot (TTS) in the N timeslots that is mapped to the first PHY; searching the M timeslots for an idle timeslot (ITS) based on the first TCT; adjusting the first TCT when a quantity of ITSs is greater than or equal to a quantity of TTSs, so that all the N timeslots are mapped to PHYs other than the first PHY; and transmitting the service flow by using the mapped PHYs of the bundling group.

Embodiments of the present application provide a method and apparatus for bandwidth adjustment, an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium. The method comprise obtaining an overload node; determining whether an overload bandwidth of the overload node is greater than a total available bandwidth amount of all target nodes for the overload node; if not, determining the overload node as a to-be-adjusted node and determining a to-be-adjusted bandwidth amount of the to-be-adjusted node based on the overloaded bandwidth of the overload node; decreasing a total carrying bandwidth amount of the to-be-adjusted node by the to-be-adjusted bandwidth amount corresponding to the to-be-adjusted node, and increasing a total target carrying bandwidth amount of the to-be-adjusted node by the to-be-adjusted bandwidth amount corresponding to the to-be-adjusted node. By applying the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the bandwidth can be adjusted more accurately.

A method and apparatus for transmitting a service flow based on a flexible Ethernet, where a bandwidth resource corresponding to a bundling group (BG) of a flexible Ethernet is divided into M timeslots, service data of a service flow is encapsulated in N timeslots in the M timeslots, and the method includes: when a first PHY in the BG fails, determining, based on a preconfigured first timeslot configuration table (TCT), a target timeslot (TTS) in the N timeslots that is mapped to the first PHY; searching the M timeslots for an idle timeslot (ITS) based on the first TCT; adjusting the first TCT when a quantity of ITSs is greater than or equal to a quantity of TTSs, so that all the N timeslots are mapped to PHYs other than the first PHY; and transmitting the service flow by using the mapped PHYs of the bundling group.

Embodiments of the present application provide a method and apparatus for bandwidth adjustment, an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium. The method comprise obtaining an overload node; determining whether an overload bandwidth of the overload node is greater than a total available bandwidth amount of all target nodes for the overload node; if not, determining the overload node as a to-be-adjusted node and determining a to-be-adjusted bandwidth amount of the to-be-adjusted node based on the overloaded bandwidth of the overload node; decreasing a total carrying bandwidth amount of the to-be-adjusted node by the to-be-adjusted bandwidth amount corresponding to the to-be-adjusted node, and increasing a total target carrying bandwidth amount of the to-be-adjusted node by the to-be-adjusted bandwidth amount corresponding to the to-be-adjusted node. By applying the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the bandwidth can be adjusted more accurately.

System and methods of ingress packet metering include receiving a plurality of flows combined to form an envelope with a specific bandwidth, wherein the envelope is defined such that unused bandwidth from higher rank flows is usable by lower rank flows; admitting packets from the plurality of flows based on committed tokens and excess tokens; determining unused tokens in a time interval; and distributing the unused tokens based on configured weights of the plurality of flows within the envelope. The unused tokens can be provided from a lower rank flow to a higher rank flow. The unused tokens can be determined utilizing Two Rate Three Color Marker (trTCM) metering. The receiving can be at a User-Network Interface (UNI), a Network-Network Interface (NNI), or an External NNI (ENNI) port in a node.

Embodiments relate to xMR sensors, in particular AMR and/or TMR angle sensors with an angle range of 360 degrees. In embodiments, AMR angle sensors with a range of 360 degrees combine conventional, highly accurate AMR angle structures with structures in which an AMR layer is continuously magnetically biased by an exchange bias coupling effect. The equivalent bias field is lower than the external rotating magnetic field and is applied continuously to separate sensor structures. Thus, in contrast with conventional solutions, no temporary, auxiliary magnetic field need be generated, and embodiments are suitable for magnetic fields up to about 100 mT or more. Additional embodiments relate to combined TMR and AMR structures. In such embodiments, a TMR stack with a free layer functioning as an AMR structure is used. With a single such stack, contacted in different modes, a high-precision angle sensor with 360 degrees of uniqueness can be realized.

System and methods of ingress packet metering include receiving a plurality of flows combined to form an envelope with a specific bandwidth, wherein the envelope is defined such that unused bandwidth from higher rank flows is usable by lower rank flows; admitting packets from the plurality of flows based on committed tokens and excess tokens; determining unused tokens in a time interval; and distributing the unused tokens based on configured weights of the plurality of flows within the envelope. The unused tokens can be provided from a lower rank flow to a higher rank flow. The unused tokens can be determined utilizing Two Rate Three Color Marker (trTCM) metering. The receiving can be at a User-Network Interface (UNI), a Network-Network Interface (NNI), or an External NNI (ENNI) port in a node.

Micro-schedulers control bandwidth allocation for clients, each client subscribing to a respective predefined portion of bandwidth of an outgoing communication link. A macro-scheduler controls the micro-schedulers, by allocating the respective subscribed portion of bandwidth associated with each respective client that is active, by a predefined first deadline, with residual bandwidth that is unused by the respective clients being shared proportionately among respective active clients by a predefined second deadline, while minimizing coordination among micro-schedulers by the macro-scheduler periodically adjusting respective bandwidth allocations to each micro-scheduler.