Disclosed herein are nanostructures and their use, where the nanostructures include (a) a plurality of first assemblies, each first assembly comprising a plurality of identical first polypeptides; (b) a plurality of second assemblies, each second assembly comprising a plurality of identical second polypeptides, wherein the second polypeptide differs from the first polypeptide; wherein the plurality of first assemblies non-covalently interact with the plurality of second assemblies to form a nanostructures; and wherein the nanostructure displays multiple copies of one or more paramyxovirus and/or pneumovirus F proteins or antigenic fragments thereof, on an exterior of the nanostructure.

Embodiments disclosed herein provide compositions, methods, and uses for respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV) and immunogenic compositions thereof. Certain embodiments provide RSV having a mutated NS1 protein, where the mutation causes the uncoupling of the NS1 protein's replication and type I interferon (IFN) antagonist functions. In some embodiments, this uncoupling can produce virions capable of inducing a strong, long-lasting innate immune response while maintaining its ability to replicate in vitro. Also provided are methods for amplifying RSV in host cells, wherein amplified RSV has mutated NS1 protein in which the protein's replication and IFN antagonistic functions are uncoupled. In certain embodiments, the amplified RSV having mutated NS1 protein is formulated into immunogenic compositions, including vaccines. Other embodiments provide methods for inducing an effective immune response against RSV infection in a subject.

The present inventors successfully introduced genes into stem cells of airway epithelial tissues using simian immunodeficiency virus vectors pseudotyped with F and HN, which are envelope glycoproteins of Sendai virus. Gene transfer into airway epithelial tissue stem cells using a vector of the present invention is useful for gene therapy of genetic respiratory diseases such as cystic fibrosis. Furthermore, it is possible to select respiratory organs such as the lungs as production tissues for providing proteins that are deficient due to genetic diseases.