Embodiments of a golf club head comprising a club head body and a sole mass element are described herein. The club head comprises a center of gravity height measured between a club head center of gravity and at least one keel point. The club head comprises a face surface, wherein the face surface defines a face height. The club head defines a ratio of club head center of gravity height to face height, wherein the ratio is less than or equal to approximately 0.36.

Embodiments of golf club heads, golf clubs, and methods to manufacture golf club heads and golf clubs are generally described herein. In one example, a golf club head may include a body portion, and an internal mass portion comprising a material having a greater density than a material of the body portion, a height in a top-to-sole direction, a depth in a front-to-back direction, and a width in a toe-to-heel direction. The distance between the internal mass portion and a toe portion edge is substantially less than the distance between the internal mass portion and a heel portion edge. The volume of the internal mass portion increases in a top-to-sole direction, and the height of the internal mass portion is greater than the width of the internal mass portion. Other examples and embodiments may be described and claimed.

A weighted batting sleeve or apparatus includes an elastic ring manually stretchable to be received about a barrel portion of a bat and to impart an elastic force against the barrel portion. The apparatus further includes a tubular fabric sleeve extending over an outer surface of the elastic ring and a fabric casing coupled to the tubular fabric sleeve and enclosing the elastic ring. The apparatus may be passed over a knob of the bat and slid up the bat to a position with the elastic ring near the end of the bat. The tubular fabric sleeve may extend over a hitting area of the bat but does not obstruct the hitting area. Accordingly, the apparatus is useful for practice swings and for hitting drills, where positioning the elastic ring near the end of the bat puts the weight in position to promote proper hitting mechanics.

A weighted batting sleeve or apparatus includes an elastic ring manually stretchable to be received about a barrel portion of a bat and to impart an elastic force against the barrel portion. The apparatus further includes a tubular fabric sleeve extending over an outer surface of the elastic ring and a fabric casing coupled to the tubular fabric sleeve and enclosing the elastic ring. The apparatus may be passed over a knob of the bat and slid up the bat to a position with the elastic ring near the end of the bat. The tubular fabric sleeve may extend over a hitting area of the bat but does not obstruct the hitting area. Accordingly, the apparatus is useful for practice swings and for hitting drills, where positioning the elastic ring near the end of the bat puts the weight in position to promote proper hitting mechanics.

Disclosed herein is an iron-type golf club head that comprises a body, made of a first material having a first density. The iron-type golf club head also comprises a weight located within the internal cavity. The iron-type golf club head further comprises a filler material that has a density no less than 0.21 g/cc. The filler material has a mass no less than 2.5 grams and no more than 8 grams. The internal cavity has an internal cavity volume ranging between 5 cc to 20 cc. A ratio of the internal cavity volume to external club head volume ranges between 0.14 and 0.385. The internal cavity has a minimum front-to-back depth above a midplane of the golf club head of no less than 1.4 mm and a maximum front-to-back depth of the internal cavity above the midplane of the golf club head is no more than 13 mm.

Some embodiments include club heads having reinforced club head faces. In one example, the club face comprises a reinforcement element such as a looped rib positioned on a rear surface of the club face to provide reinforcement. The club head further comprises an undercut that extends along the entire perimeter of the club face to provide increased club face bending. The combination of the reinforcement element and the undercut reinforces the club head while permitting the club face to bend. Other embodiments of related club heads and methods are also disclosed.

Some embodiments include club heads having reinforced club head faces. In one example, the club face comprises a reinforcement element such as a looped rib positioned on a rear surface of the club face to provide reinforcement. The club head further comprises an undercut that extends along the entire perimeter of the club face to provide increased club face bending. The combination of the reinforcement element and the undercut reinforces the club head while permitting the club face to bend. Other embodiments of related club heads and methods are also disclosed.

A golf club head that is capable improving on the inertia properties of a golf club head all while also improving the Center of Gravity (CG) location is disclosed herein. More specifically, the golf club head in accordance with the present invention achieves a relative low Moment of Inertia (MOI) about the Z-axis (MOI-Z) as well as a relatively low MOI about the Shaft-axis (MOI-SA).

Aspects of the invention are directed to golf club having a crown, a sole, a face, and a primary alignment feature hard tooled into the golf club head. In some embodiments the golf club has a primary alignment feature comprising a line delineating a transition between at least a portion of the crown having an area of contrasting shade or color with a shade or color of the face. The primary alignment feature is hard tooled into the golf club head with the face of the golf club body.

A cast cup can include a forward portion of a golf club head, including a hosel, forward portions of a crown, sole, heel, and toe, and a face portion or an opening to receive a face insert. A rear ring can be formed separately from the cast cup and coupled to heel and toe portions of the cast cup to form a rigid club head body, such that the club head body defines a hollow interior region, a crown opening, a sole opening, and/or face opening. The cast cup and rear ring can be made of different materials, including various metals, composites, and polymers. Composite crown, sole, and/or face inserts can be coupled to the crown, sole, and/or face openings. Weights can be coupled to the cast cup and to the rear ring. The face can have a complex variable thickness geometry.