A bat 10 for playing ball games comprises a handle 12 and a ball-striking head 14 having a monolithic structure comprising a pair of spaced apart outer lattices 16 which define rigid, unstressed ball-striking surfaces and a plurality of discrete internal struts 26 which are integrally moulded with the lattices so as to extend between the lattices. Each lattice includes a distributed and connected network of alternating nodal areas 22 and unobstructed openings 24. Each nodal area comprises a web having an irregular outer surface provided by perforations in the web which reduce an unpleasant high-pitched noise generated when a resilient ball having a smooth outer surface is struck by the bat.

A bat 10 for playing ball games comprises a handle 12 and a ball-striking head 14 having a monolithic structure comprising a pair of spaced apart outer lattices 16 which define rigid, unstressed ball-striking surfaces and a plurality of discrete internal struts 26 which are integrally moulded with the lattices so as to extend between the lattices. Each lattice includes a distributed and connected network of alternating nodal areas 22 and unobstructed openings 24. Each nodal area comprises a web having an irregular outer surface provided by perforations in the web which reduce an unpleasant high-pitched noise generated when a resilient ball having a smooth outer surface is struck by the bat.

Golf club heads with cavities and inserts, and methods to manufacture golf club heads with cavities. Various embodiments include a golf club head comprising a body. The body comprises a strikeface at a front of the golf club head, a backface opposite the strikeface, a heel region, a toe region opposite the heel region, a sole, a rear portion at a rear of the golf club head, and a cavity located between the backface and the rear portion. In many embodiments, the body further comprises an insert within the cavity.

A resilient face insert for a golf club head, preferably a putter head, is disclosed herein. In particular, the face insert comprises a plurality of hinge features spaced from a striking surface to ensure consistent ball speed across the striking surface. At least a portion of each hinge feature extends parallel to the striking surface without making contact with the striking surface. In the preferred embodiment, each hinge feature comprises a tab portion that is spaced from the striking surface by a stem portion and that extends parallel to the striking surface. The hinge features may be co-molded with a polymeric backing material in order to further improve performance of the face insert.

A ball striking device, such as a golf club head, includes a face having a ball striking surface, an inner surface opposite the ball striking surface, and a thickness defined between the ball striking surface and the inner surface, and a body connected to the face and extending rearward from the face. The face has a modulus gradient across the thickness of the face, such that the modulus of the face varies at different distances from the ball striking surface. The face may also include at least one of an insert, a composite material, a multi-layered structure, and/or a portion treated by a surface treatment to contribute to the modulus gradient.

A method of customizing a golf club, wherein the method includes generating operating data representative of a user operating a mechanical device. The operating data is generated by a first sensor sized and configured to be removably positioned in a mounting port formed on the mechanical device during operation of the mechanical device. The sensor is interchangeably positionable in the mounting port with at least one mass insert, the at least one mass insert being adapted to be interchangeably positioned in the mounting to provide at least two different mass configurations. The method further includes determining a recommended configuration of the at least one mass insert specific to the user based on the operating data generated by the sensor, and transmitting information representative of the recommended mass insert.

A golf club head comprises a face and a golf club head body. The face includes a toe end, a heel end, a crown end, and a sole end. The face defines a thickness from an outer surface to an inner surface of the face. The face defines a leading edge, the leading edge being the forwardmost edge of the face. The golf club head body is defined by a crown, a sole, and a skirt. The crown is coupled to the crown end of the face. The sole is coupled to the sole end of the face. The skirt is coupled to the sole and the crown. The golf club head body defines a trailing edge, the trailing edge being the rearwardmost edge of the golf club head body.

Golf club heads include a golf club head body, a ball striking face, and a shaft engaging member configured to engage a golf club shaft with the golf club head body. The golf club head may be configured with a first piece and a second piece, which may be in the form of the shaft engaging member and a body member connected to the shaft engaging member. The shaft engaging member includes a base member and an arm extending from the base member, and the body member includes a face having a striking surface configured for striking a ball and a club head body positioned behind the face, the second piece having a receiving slot positioned behind the face, where the base member of the first piece is at least partially received within the receiving slot.

Disclosed herein is a golf club head that comprises a body. The body comprises a sole portion, a crown portion, a skirt portion, and a face portion, positioned at a forward region of the golf club head, opposite a rearward region of the golf club head, and extending from a toe region to a heel region of the golf club head. At least a portion of the body is made of a titanium alloy. The golf club head also comprises a large weight, coupled to the sole portion of the body and made of a steel alloy. A mass of the large weight is at least 40% of a mass of the portion of the body made of the titanium alloy. A total mass of the large weight and the portion of the body made of the titanium alloy is at least 210 grams.

A sporting apparatus includes a monitoring device. The monitoring device may add no weight to the sporting apparatus relative to a comparable sporting apparatus without the monitoring device. The monitoring device may have a center of gravity substantially aligning with the center of gravity of the sporting apparatus, resulting in a sporting apparatus with a monitor having substantially the same center of gravity as a comparable sporting apparatus without a monitor. The sporting apparatus monitor may be configured to trim unreliable post impact swing data and replace it with extrapolated pre-impact swing data and/or more reliable post impact swing data.