Some embodiments include hollow body club heads having reinforced club head faces. In one example, the club face comprises a reinforcement element such as a looped rib positioned on a rear surface of the club face to provide reinforcement. The club head defines a closed interior cavity, where the reinforcement is located within the closed interior cavity. The hollow body club head further comprises a rear including a plurality of walls to allow the club head to easily bend during a golf ball impact. The combination of the hollow body design and the reinforcement element reinforces the club head while permitting the club face to bend. Other embodiments of related club heads and methods are also disclosed.

Putters include a putter body having a ball striking face member made of a material having a first hardness characteristic. A cavity is defined in the putter body behind the ball striking face member, and plural openings are defined in the ball striking face member extending rearward with respect to the ball striking face member and into the cavity. A polymeric material at least partially fills the openings and the cavity, wherein the polymeric material has a second hardness characteristic that is softer than the first hardness characteristic. The ball striking face member and the polymeric material exposed in at least some of the openings provide a ball striking surface of the putter. The ball striking surface may include grooves or scorelines to affect the launch angle, spin, and/or roll of the ball during a putt. Methods for making such putter devices also are described.

Putters include a putter body having a ball striking face member made of a material having a first hardness characteristic. A cavity is defined in the putter body behind the ball striking face member, and plural openings are defined in the ball striking face member extending rearward with respect to the ball striking face member and into the cavity. A polymeric material at least partially fills the openings and the cavity, wherein the polymeric material has a second hardness characteristic that is softer than the first hardness characteristic. The ball striking face member and the polymeric material exposed in at least some of the openings provide a ball striking surface of the putter. The ball striking surface may include grooves or scorelines to affect the launch angle, spin, and/or roll of the ball during a putt. Methods for making such putter devices also are described.

A ball bat configured for impacting a ball. The ball bat extends along a longitudinal axis and includes a bat frame and a pivot joint. The bat frame includes a handle portion coupled to a barrel portion. The barrel portions has a distal region. The pivot joint is coupled to the distal region of the barrel portion. The pivot joint movably supports the barrel portion relative to the longitudinal axis such that the distal region of the barrel portion may pivot towards and away from the longitudinal axis about the pivot joint.

A ball bat configured for impacting a ball. The ball bat extends along a longitudinal axis and includes a bat frame and a pivot joint. The bat frame includes a handle portion coupled to a barrel portion. The barrel portions has a distal region. The pivot joint is coupled to the distal region of the barrel portion. The pivot joint movably supports the barrel portion relative to the longitudinal axis such that the distal region of the barrel portion may pivot towards and away from the longitudinal axis about the pivot joint.

A golf club head comprising two components, wherein the first component comprise a ball striking surface, a striking face return, and a sole extension with a rear mass. And wherein the second component comprises a lower density material, comprising part of the crown and part of the sole. The first component comprises a majority of the mass of the golf club head, having a rear mass comprising 20% to 35% of the mass of the golf club head.

Embodiments of golf club heads, golf clubs, and methods to manufacture golf club heads and golf clubs are generally described herein. In one example, a golf club heady may include a body portion having an interior cavity with a front opening, a face portion coupled to the front opening to close the interior cavity, a plurality of back groove portions on a back surface of the face portion, a mass portion coupled to the body portion, a polymer filler material in the interior cavity, and a face support portion coupled to the back surface of the face portion. Each groove portion of the plurality of back groove portions is located between the face support portion and a perimeter edge of the face portion. Other examples and embodiments may be described and claimed.

A racket dampener swing sensor apparatus to obtain measurements of parameters relative to the player's performance while reducing vibration includes a dampener body having a body front side, a body back side, and a body perimeter. The body perimeter has a string channel to selectively engage a plurality of strings of a tennis racket. The dampener body absorbs vibration from the plurality of strings. An accelerometer and a microcontroller with memory are coupled within the dampener body to measure hit velocity for each shot type (forehand, backhand, serve, topspin, slice, or flat). A vibration sensor is provided to detect when a ball is struck. A transceiver is coupled within the dampener body to wirelessly communicate with an app on a smartphone or computer. A battery is coupled within the dampener body and a charge port is in operational communication with the battery.

A racket dampener swing sensor apparatus to obtain measurements of parameters relative to the player's performance while reducing vibration includes a dampener body having a body front side, a body back side, and a body perimeter. The body perimeter has a string channel to selectively engage a plurality of strings of a tennis racket. The dampener body absorbs vibration from the plurality of strings. An accelerometer and a microcontroller with memory are coupled within the dampener body to measure hit velocity for each shot type (forehand, backhand, serve, topspin, slice, or flat). A vibration sensor is provided to detect when a ball is struck. A transceiver is coupled within the dampener body to wirelessly communicate with an app on a smartphone or computer. A battery is coupled within the dampener body and a charge port is in operational communication with the battery.

A method of making a ball bat may include forming a bat frame with a handle and an inner barrel structure, providing spacer elements extending radially outwardly from the inner barrel structure, and forming a barrel shell having a main barrel and a tapered section. An inner diameter in the tapered section may be equal to an outer diameter of a first one of the spacer elements. The method may include mechanically locking the barrel shell to the bat frame by passing the handle through the barrel shell and moving the barrel shell toward the inner barrel structure until the barrel shell contacts the first one of the spacer elements. A gap is maintained between an outer diameter of the inner barrel structure and the barrel shell. The barrel shell may deflect during a hit to create a trampoline effect, while the inner barrel structure limits the deflection.