A bicycle battery unit is configured to supply power to a bicycle component. The bicycle battery unit includes a housing, a battery, a first electrical connector, a second electrical connector and a power line communication circuit. The battery is accommodated in the housing. The first electrical connector is provided to the housing so as to be at least partially exposed out of the housing being electrically connectable with the battery. The second electrical connector is provided to the housing so as to be at least partially exposed out of the housing separate from the first electrical connector. The power line communication circuit is electrically connected to the second electrical connector and configured to perform power line communication via the second electrical connector.

A pump-action mobility and exercise device may include a pumping arm attached to a foot slide. As the pumping arm is actuated, the foot slide moves forward and rearward in response to the pumping action. The foot slide can also be moved by a user's foot movement. The foot slide may be connected to a drive mechanism that selectively engages a chain or belt that loops around a drive wheel arranged on an axle of the vehicle. When the drive mechanism catches and moves the belt or chain in a forward direction, the axle rotates in a forward direction to drive the vehicle forward. A reverse mechanism may also be provided that selectively causes the drive mechanism to catch and drive the belt or chain in an opposite direction.

A pump-action mobility and exercise device may include a pumping arm attached to a foot slide. As the pumping arm is actuated, the foot slide moves forward and rearward in response to the pumping action. The foot slide can also be moved by a user's foot movement. The foot slide may be connected to a drive mechanism that selectively engages a chain or belt that loops around a drive wheel arranged on an axle of the vehicle. When the drive mechanism catches and moves the belt or chain in a forward direction, the axle rotates in a forward direction to drive the vehicle forward. A reverse mechanism may also be provided that selectively causes the drive mechanism to catch and drive the belt or chain in an opposite direction.

An electric assist bicycle includes an electric motor that generates an assistance force to assist a human force of a rider, a handle to be gripped by the rider with a hand to steer the electric assist bicycle, a manipulation device provided on the handle and including an operation switch that receives a manipulation from the rider and an alternate switch that receives a manipulation from the rider to change functions to be assigned to the operation switch, and a control circuit that performs a control to alter an operation to be executed by the electric assist bicycle depending on whether the rider manipulates the operation switch in a state of keeping the alternate switch manipulated or the rider manipulates the operation switch in a state of not manipulating the alternate switch.

An electric assist bicycle includes an electric motor that generates an assistance force to assist a human force of a rider, a handle to be gripped by the rider with a hand to steer the electric assist bicycle, a manipulation device provided on the handle and including an operation switch that receives a manipulation from the rider and an alternate switch that receives a manipulation from the rider to change functions to be assigned to the operation switch, and a control circuit that performs a control to alter an operation to be executed by the electric assist bicycle depending on whether the rider manipulates the operation switch in a state of keeping the alternate switch manipulated or the rider manipulates the operation switch in a state of not manipulating the alternate switch.

A human-powered vehicle includes a crank axle, a first rotational body, a wheel, a second rotational body, a transmission body that transmits a driving force between the first rotational body and the second rotational body, a derailleur configured to operate the transmission body to change a transmission ratio, and a motor configured to drive the transmission body. A control device has an electronic controller configured to control the motor and drive the transmission body with the motor so as to change at least one of a rotational angle of the motor and an output torque of the motor in correspondence with a state of the human-powered vehicle upon determining the derailleur has been actuated to change the transmission ratio and a predetermined condition related to pedaling is satisfied.

A human-powered vehicle includes a crank axle, a first rotational body, a wheel, a second rotational body, a transmission body that transmits a driving force between the first rotational body and the second rotational body, a derailleur configured to operate the transmission body to change a transmission ratio, and a motor configured to drive the transmission body. A control device has an electronic controller configured to control the motor and drive the transmission body with the motor so as to change at least one of a rotational angle of the motor and an output torque of the motor in correspondence with a state of the human-powered vehicle upon determining the derailleur has been actuated to change the transmission ratio and a predetermined condition related to pedaling is satisfied.

A pedal drive system, in particular for an electric vehicle or a training apparatus, and for generating electrical power from muscle power of a user with at least one pedal and an electric generator, connected mechanically with said at least one pedal, is provided. To improve the haptic feel and feedback at the pedal, a control unit is provided for controlling a feedback torque, applied at said pedal, wherein the control unit comprises a haptic renderer, configured for control of said feedback torque based on at least one user-defined pedal reference trajectory.

A pedal drive system, in particular for an electric vehicle or a training apparatus, and for generating electrical power from muscle power of a user with at least one pedal and an electric generator, connected mechanically with said at least one pedal, is provided. To improve the haptic feel and feedback at the pedal, a control unit is provided for controlling a feedback torque, applied at said pedal, wherein the control unit comprises a haptic renderer, configured for control of said feedback torque based on at least one user-defined pedal reference trajectory.

A method for controlling the cruising speed of a hybrid or electric propulsion vehicle includes detecting a forward travel speed of the vehicle, identifying a downhill forward travel condition of the vehicle, activating a control of the downhill cruising speed following said identification of said downhill forward travel condition, determining a reference speedy for the vehicle and calculating a charging current for the battery pack generated by the electric motor as a function of a deviation between said reference speed and the detected forward travel speed of the vehicle. The step of identifying a downhill forward travel condition of the vehicle includes calculating a parameter representative of said downhill condition as a function of the detected forward travel speed and the motor current.