In an example, a composite structure having a variable gage is described. The composite structure includes a first end having a first gage, a second end having a second gage, which is less than the first gage, a plurality of continuous plies, and a plurality of drop-off plies. Each continuous ply extends from the first end to the second end. Each drop-off ply includes a tip having a tapered shape. Each drop-off ply extends from the first end to a respective position of the tip of the drop-off ply between the first end and the second end. The plurality of drop-off plies are separated from each other by at least one of the plurality of continuous plies.

In an example, a composite structure having a variable gage is described. The composite structure includes a first end having a first gage, a second end having a second gage, which is less than the first gage, a plurality of continuous plies, and a plurality of drop-off plies. Each continuous ply extends from the first end to the second end. Each drop-off ply includes a tip having a blunt-end shape. Each drop-off ply extends from the first end to a respective position of the tip of the drop-off ply between the first end and the second end. The plurality of drop-off plies are separated from each other by at least one of the plurality of continuous plies.

Duct stringers for aircraft wing boxes. The duct stringer comprises a base, a pair of sidewalls projecting from the base in a spaced-apart relationship, and a cap wall that extends between and interconnects the pair of sidewalls, with the cap wall being positioned spaced apart from the base by the pair of sidewalls. The duct stringer further comprises an ovaloid vent formed in the cap wall. The ovaloid vent comprises a perimeter that circumscribes an aperture and that defines a closed shape. The perimeter comprises a pair of curved end regions opposed to one another and that each arc at least substantially through 180 degrees. Each curved end region comprises a non-uniform radius of curvature.

An example method for forming a flat composite charge into a composite blade stiffener includes cutting a flat composite charge along a cut line into a first piece and a second piece having an angle, positioning the first piece and the second piece of the flat composite charge on a forming mandrel about a tooling plunger, activating the tooling plunger to drive the first piece and the second piece into a cavity of the forming mandrel resulting in the first piece and the second piece folding at the cut line, withdrawing the tooling plunger from the cavity of the forming mandrel, compressing the forming mandrel to apply a lateral pressure to the first piece and the second piece folded into the cavity, and applying a vertical pressure to a first flange and a second flange of the first piece and the second piece, respectively, to form the composite blade stiffener.

To hold a long member in the original shape of the long member at a precise position, a long member assembling device has: a plurality of hand parts configured to grip a long member; arm parts and trunk parts configured to move the hand parts to adjust the positions of the plurality of hand parts gripping the long member; a storage unit in which the original shape of the long member is stored; and a control unit configured to, on the basis of the original shape of the long member stored in the storage unit, drive the arm parts and the trunk parts to adjust the positions of the plurality of hand parts gripping the long member such that the shape of the long member gripped by the plurality of hand parts matches the original shape of the long member stored in the storage unit.

An aircraft panel assembly including a panel, a number of open-ended composite stringers, and a number of stringer end caps. Each stringer end cap covers an open end of one of the stringers and includes a base, a vertically extending wall, and an overlap section. The base is bonded to the panel near the open end of the stringer. The vertically extending wall is angled upward from the base and includes an upper periphery. The overlap section extends horizontally from the upper periphery and is bonded to the stringer near the open end of the stringer.

A process for assembling portions of an aeronautical wing, in which a wing covering is assembled with carrier structural elements, allows the simultaneous application of all filling tapes on an exposed surface, by speeding-up and making more reliable the process itself. The process includes: placing side by side the structural elements longitudinally, to form the spars, by determining a flat surface, having a plurality of longitudinal junctions, faced upwards; adhering to the longitudinal junctions respective filling tapes; translating and rotating by 180 the structural elements in one single solution, by keeping them fixed in the mutual positions thereof and by transferring them above an inner surface of a wing covering; and translating the structural elements in one single solution, by keeping them fixed in the mutual positions thereof, downwards, by making the flat surface thereof to coincide with said inner surface.

A vehicle body may have a skeleton formed by a plurality of overlapping layers bonded to each other. Each of the plurality of overlapping layers may be fabricated from a continuous fiber coated with a matrix material. A trajectory of the continuous fiber may be different between adjacent layers of the plurality of overlapping layers.

Examples for low impact hat stringer fluid dams are presented herein. An aircraft structure may include a wing with a vent stringer coupled to the wing. The vent stringer may include a center portion positioned between a first section and a second section. The center portion of the vent stringer includes a slot. A vent dam may be coupled within the vent stringer proximate the slot in the center portion. The vent dam can include a sealant coupled between an integrated pair of baffles such that a combination of the sealant and the integrated pair of baffles prevents fluid communication between the first section and the second section of the vent stringer.

An aircraft structural component is described, including an aircraft skeleton component which divides a space along a longitudinal axis of the aircraft skeleton component into two spatial portions arranged on opposite sides of the aircraft skeleton component, and including a fluid conduit component which runs on an outer side of the aircraft skeleton component and fluidically connects the two spatial portions. Also described is an aircraft wing with an aircraft structural component, as well as an aircraft with an aircraft structural component or with an aircraft wing.