A reciprocating lift and thrust system include at least an airfoil and a reciprocating driver configured to produce a reciprocating motion of the airfoil. The system may further include a control unit to change or maintain a suitable angle of attack of the airfoil for lift or thrust as well as to facilitate the cyclic control of the flying vehicle driven by the reciprocating system. The lift and thrust system may be deployed in a module that includes at least two reciprocating airfoils (RAs) and is configured to substantially cancel out the inertia forces and moments associated with the individual airfoils. The reciprocating driver maybe, but not limited to, a mechanical, electromagnetic, electrical, or hydraulic driver. The embodiments of the subject invention provide novel and advantageous RA-driven aircraft, RA-driven flying motor vehicles, and RA-driven watercraft.

The aircraft can include: an airframe, a tilt mechanism, a payload housing, and can optionally include an impact attenuator, a set of ground support members (e.g., struts), a set of power sources, and a set of control elements. The airframe can include: a set of rotors and a set of support members.

A multirotor aircraft that includes a chassis, three or more vertical rotors, one or more free wings and on ore more fixed horizontal rotor. The free wing is attached to the chassis by an axial connection so that the angle of the free wing is changed relative to the chassis according the flow of air over the free wing. The fixed horizontal rotor enables the multirotor aircraft to lower and climb while flying forward at a stable horizontal pitch of the chassis.

A VTOL flying taxicab is provided to solve the ground and airport traffic congestion problems by directing the traffic from two-dimensional ground space to the three-dimensional air space. The VTOL-Flying-Taxicab includes two rows of independently controllable small electrical-motor driven propellers, located above-and-below each of its two wings' leading edges. This configuration divides each wing-top-surface and wing-bottom-surface into independently controllable strips of wing surfaces, where the thrust vector, air velocity vector and air pressure on each and all strips of wing surfaces are independently controllable at any vehicle speed. These features provide all control requirements of the VTOL-flying-taxicab maneuvers.

An adaptive guided wind sonde (AGWS) includes a main body defining a longitudinal axis including a nose end and a tail end including a body that has main wings attached. Secondary wings are on the nose end. A measurement and control system inside the body includes a Global Positioning System (GPS) for providing position and velocity, and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) is for providing inertial measurements. A wing driver is for adjusting a position of at least one of the secondary wings or control surfaces when included on the main wings. A Meteorological Sensor Suite (MSS) is for providing environmental data. An adaptive controller receives data including the position, the velocity, the inertial measurements, and the environmental data for generating wind calculations including a wind speed and a wind direction, and for providing autopilot for the AGWS. Wireless communications is for wirelessly transmitting the wind calculations.

A tandem wing aircraft having a fore wing, an aft wing, and a middle wing, attached relative to the aircraft and each other such that the middle wing provides a substantial portion of the total lift at landing speeds, and a minimal portion of the total lift at cruise speeds. At cruise speeds, induced drag is minimized, permitting higher speeds, greater fuel efficiency, and/or greater payload. Advantageously, the wing loading at cruise speeds is higher providing better passenger comfort while still providing controllability and safety at landing speeds.

An improved aircraft system is provided. The improved aircraft system comprises an adjustable vortices device that may be attached to an aircraft to create various vortices effects, which increase take-off weight and improve low-speed handling of the aircraft. The adjustable vortices device comprises a linear actuator, a pivot mechanism, and a vortex generator. The pivot mechanism is operably connected to the linear actuator in a way such that the translational energy of the linear actuator causes the pivot mechanism to rotate about a central axis. The vortex generator is moveably attached to a surface of the aircraft and coupled to the pivot mechanism in a way such that rotating the pivot mechanism causes the vortex generator to rotate about a central axis, which alters the angle the vortex generators move through the air.

An aircraft includes a fuselage and a pair of channel wings which may vary incidence with respect to the fuselage and a pair of channel canards which can also vary incidence with respect to the fuselage and that can move independently of each other for the purpose of vertical takeoff and landing as well as forward and reverse flight. The wings may have multiple channels and may be powered by single propeller or contra-rotating propellers. The thrust to the propellers may be provided with an internal combustion engine or electric motors or a turbo prop or hybrid system. The channel wing allows the fuselage to maintain a level pitch with respect to the horizon. The aircraft will also have increased maneuverability in hover because it can independently vary the incidence of the wings and canards and be able to tightly turn about a point.

The present disclosure pertains to self-piloted, electric vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft that are safe, low-noise, and cost-effective to operate for cargo-carrying and passenger-carrying applications over relatively long ranges. A VTOL aircraft has at least one wing that is rotatable relative to a fuselage of the VTOL aircraft for transitioning the VTOL aircraft between a hover configuration and a forward-flight configuration. Rotation of the wing may be passively controlled using aerodynamic forces, thereby obviating the need of using an actuator for actively controlling the rotation.

In various embodiments, a tilt-wing aircraft includes a fuselage; a first wing tiltably mounted at or near a forward end of the fuselage; and a second wing rotatably mounted to the fuselage at a position aft of the first wing. A first plurality of rotors is mounted on the first wing at locations on or near a leading edge of the first wing, with two or more rotors being mounted on wing portions on each side of the fuselage; and a second plurality of rotors mounted on the second wing at locations on or near a leading edge of the second wing, with two or more rotors being mounted on wing portions on each side of the fuselage. A flight control system generates a set of actuators and associated actuator parameters to achieve desired forces and moments.