A method and an apparatus for baseball strategy planning based on reinforcement learning are provided. The method includes steps below. Historical data of innings in past games of a team is collected. Multiple game states, multiple offensive and defensive actions, and multiple rewards corresponding to multiple offensive and defensive results are defined based on multiple offensive and defensive processes occurring during the game, and are used to establish a Q table. The Q table is updated according to multiple combinations of the game state, the offensive and defensive action, and the offensive and defensive result recorded in the historical data. According to a current game state, Q values of all offensive and defensive actions executable in the current game state recorded in the updated Q table are sorted, and the offensive and defensive action suitable for being executed in the current game state is recommended according to a sorting result.

Aspects of the disclosure include devices, systems and methods for providing information to sports participants regarding hitting targets, achieving greater accuracy, and improving skill levels. Such information may include, for example, video information, directional information, and/or real-time updated information that may provide feedback to players for improvement of skills. A targeting device in accordance with an aspect of the disclosure comprises a body, a coupler, coupled to a first portion of the body, a target coupler, coupled to a second portion of the body, an adjusting device coupled to the body for enabling movement of at least one of the coupler and the target coupler, and a target coupled to the target coupler.

A sensor system includes an airbag engaged with the sole structure of an article of footwear, the airbag configured to compress and expand during use of the article of footwear, a force sensor engaged with the airbag and configured to detect force on the airbag based on changes in capacitance as the airbag compresses and expands, a port connected to the article of footwear and configured for communication with an electronic module, and one or more conductive leads extending from the force sensor to the port to place the force sensor in communication with the port. The system may be used with an article of footwear including an upper member at least partially defining a foot-receiving chamber and a sole structure engaged with the upper member.

A hollow non-wood baseball or softball bat wherein the impact portion of the bat contains an inner multi-walled barrel that is positioned by means of a (i) foam insert, (ii) tube extending from the bat's knob, or (iii) line attached to the bat's knob and end cap and extending throughout the bat such that the inner barrel does not come into contact with the inside wall of the bat when the bat is at rest yet when swung the inner barrel is allowed to move so as to amplify the rebound effect given to the ball upon impact with the bat.

A football device includes an outer skin and an inner bladder to be inflatable and substantially resemble and perform like an actual football. The football device includes a sensor unit that can sense various performance metrics and wirelessly communicate data to another device such as a mobile device. To maintain a feel and performance as close to an actual football as possible, a battery powering the sensor unit is wirelessly recharged.

The sports training system includes a first housing including a transmitter; a second housing including a receiver and a wireless communication module; a plurality of illuminating targets in communication with the wireless communication module; and a remote control in wireless communication with the transmitter, the receiver, and the plurality of illuminating targets. In operation, the transmitter projects a transmission and the receiver is positioned laterally away from the transmitter and receives the transmission. In response to an object passing between the transmitter and receiver, the receiver is blocked from receiving the transmission. In response to the receiver being blocked from receiving the transmission, a selected one of the targets illuminates. Input from the remote control controls operation of one of the transmitter, the receiver, or one of the plurality of illuminating targets.

A method includes anchoring a loop strap and a hook strap at a first surface of a rectangular arcuate panel proximate a first end of the first surface, providing a retaining element anchored to the rectangular arcuate panel, with the retaining element forming a loop, and providing an extension strap anchored to the rectangular arcuate panel proximate the retaining element to form a fielding aid accessory. The method also includes wrappably attaching the anchored first hook strap with the anchored first loop strap around a forearm of an athlete and securely positioning fingers of a hand thereof by way of the loop of the retaining element such that the forearm contacts a second surface of the rectangular arcuate panel. The fielding aid accessory is configured to be used by the athlete in two modes of operation based on a configuration of coupling of the extension strap.

A method is provided. A center of mass of the bat is calculated based at least in part on the physical characteristics, the length, and the drop. A first and second mass distribution for an insert having a central axis and a length is calculated based at least in part on the calculated center of mass. The first mass distribution is symmetric about the central axis along the entire length, and the second mass distribution includes a first density for at least one low mass region and a second density for a high mass region with the second density is greater than the first density. Then, the insert is 3D printing based at least in part on the first and second mass distributions.

A batting glove for baseball or softball may include a glove base and a reinforcement layer set. The glove base may include a palmar region, a dorsal region located on an opposite exterior side of the batting glove from the palmar region, a plurality of finger regions, a wrist region at a bottom of the glove base, and an ulnar border region. The ulnar border region may be located along an outermost edge region of the glove base following a length of the little finger region along an outermost side of the little finger region. The reinforcement layer set may be connected to and exterior of the glove base in a manner that covers at least a portion of each of (a) the palmar region, (b) the ulnar border region, and (c) the dorsal region.

The present invention provides a lightweight glove for baseball or softball that may include an elastic backfinger to provide a conforming fit to the wearer's hand. In general, the elastic backfinger may replace existing, often leather backfingers, the back panel, the liner, and/or other elements of traditional gloves glove with the elastic material, combination of elastic materials, or combination of elastic and inelastic materials.