A launch system is provided, including a composite vehicle and a carrier vehicle. The composite vehicle includes a payload vehicle, a booster vehicle and a first coupling system. The payload vehicle is configured for powered spaceflight at least in a space medium, and includes a rocket driven propulsion system. The booster vehicle is configured for powered supersonic/hypersonic aerodynamic flight, includes a ramjet propulsion system, and is configured for transporting the composite vehicle between a first altitude and a second altitude under propulsive power provided by the ramjet propulsion system. The first coupling system is configured for selectively coupling and decoupling the payload vehicle with respect to the booster vehicle. The carrier vehicle is configured at least for powered subsonic/transonic/supersonic aerodynamic flight, and for transporting the composite vehicle to at least the first altitude from a ground location. The launch system also includes a second coupling system for selectively coupling and decoupling the composite vehicle with respect to the carrier aircraft.

A launch system and method for orbital or suborbital air-launch of a payload involving releasably coupling a launch vehicle with a towed aircraft via an articulatable carriage to form an air-launch assembly, towing the air-launch assembly via a tow aircraft and interconnected tow cable to a first altitude, releasing the air-launch assembly from tow at or above the first altitude, activating the towed aircraft propulsion system and initiating a pull-up and climb maneuver of the towed aircraft to a second altitude, articulating the articulatable carriage to shift the air-launch assembly from a stowed position to a deployed position with the launch vehicle spaced from the towed aircraft, releasing the launch vehicle from the articulatable carriage and thus from the towed aircraft, and activating the launch vehicle propulsion system for further altitude gain or to meet specific mission requirements.

Systems and methods for calculating launch sites for a satellite constellation are provided. A carrier aircraft may be configured to launch a first satellite into the first orbit and a second satellite into the second orbit. In some embodiments, information about an accessible range of the aircraft may be received. Based on the received information, a geographical area that the aircraft can access without landing may be calculated. Using received information and the orbit parameters of the first orbit and the second orbit, a first launch site for launching the first satellite and a second launch site for launching the second satellite may be calculated. The first launch site may comprise a first geographical position and a first launch time, and the second launch site may comprise a second geographical position and a second launch time. Both launch sites may be within the calculated geographical area.

This disclosure relates generally to a modular CubeSat dispenser with novel features that enable universal compatibility within a single CubeSat dispenser system. The apparatus of the invention is particularly useful for 10 CubeSat dispensers and other standardized deployment devices.

A representative spacecraft system includes a launch vehicle elongated along a launch vehicle axis and having at least one stage carrying a corresponding rocket engine. The representative system further includes an annular support structure carried by the at least one stage and positioned to support a cargo spacecraft having a service module and a cargo module. The cargo module of the cargo spacecraft is positioned along the launch vehicle axis in a direction distal from the support structure, and at least a portion of the service module of the cargo spacecraft positioned within an annulus of the support structure.

Enclosures for facilitating activities in space, and associated systems and methods, are disclosed. A representative system includes a spacecraft having an enclosed interior volume (which can be formed by an inflatable membrane) and one or more unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) carried by the spacecraft and positioned to deploy into the enclosed interior volume. The system can include a remote-control system to control the one or more UAVs from a terrestrial location while the spacecraft is in space. A wireless charging system can provide electrical power to the one or more UAVs. A representative method includes configuring one or more controllers to launch a first spacecraft to a first orbit, launch a second spacecraft to a second orbit, move the first spacecraft to the second orbit, dock the first spacecraft with the second spacecraft, and broadcast an event within an interior volume of the first spacecraft to a terrestrial location.

A reusable floating device suitable for launching a space rocket has a support structure which includes a toroidal balloon housing and a rigid platform attached thereto; an elongated rigid structure surrounded by said support structure, releasably connected thereto, and adapted for attachment to a space rocket; at least one buoyant gas balloon within said balloon housing; and a compressor module and at least one rigid-walled tank carried by said platform. The compressor module is in confined flow communication with the at least one buoyant gas balloon and the at least one rigid-walled tank.

Enclosures for facilitating activities in space, and associated systems and methods, are disclosed. A representative system includes a spacecraft having an enclosed interior volume (which can be formed by an inflatable membrane) and one or more unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) carried by the spacecraft and positioned to deploy into the enclosed interior volume. The system can include a remote-control system to control the one or more UAVs from a terrestrial location while the spacecraft is in space. A wireless charging system can provide electrical power to the one or more UAVs. A representative method includes configuring one or more controllers to launch a first spacecraft to a first orbit, launch a second spacecraft to a second orbit, move the first spacecraft to the second orbit, dock the first spacecraft with the second spacecraft, and broadcast an event within an interior volume of the first spacecraft to a terrestrial location.

An engine system that produces all required thrust for an aerospace vehicle from takeoff through space operation, consisting of airbreathing and non-airbreathing propulsion apparatuses. The airbreathing system consists of a turbine engine, a ram and or scram jet, and the non-airbreathing system is a unique liquid rocket motor. The turbine engine may consist of a turbojet or turbofan configuration. The air breathing turbine, ramjet and scram jet feature a single air inlet system, and combustion fuel. The non-airbreathing rocket system includes separate oxidizer system, and either a separate or same source of combustion fuel as the turbine. Airflow velocities in the turbine bypass duct, and burner system, include subsonic and supersonic velocities for ramjet or scramjet operation. The rocket engine may utilize either cryogenic or a non-cryogenic fuel and oxidizer system.

A mass accelerator for launching objects, such as a payload, via rotational acceleration is disclosed. The system may comprise a chamber maintained at near vacuum pressure, a motor that rotates a hub attached to a tethered projectile in a circular motion inside the vacuum chamber, accelerating the payload until the payload reaches a desired launch speed. The payload may be released from the tether upon reaching the desired launch speed and may exit the chamber through an exit port that is opened briefly to allow the payload to exit. In various embodiments, the circular mass acceleration system can be used to launch a payload into space orbit. By employing rotational acceleration via a mechanical approach, the acceleration system provides a cost-effective reusable system for launching objects.