A hollow, compressible or rigid hollow body has mechanical retaining devices such as sound generators, scent capsules, LED lights and vibrating mechanisms and identifying or responding detection elements held, secured and locked therein without the use of any solvents, glues, sonic welding, spin welding or other bonding materials. The hollow contaminant-free bodies are particularly useful for animals and recreation. Some of the above contain carcinogens harmful to animals if ingested.

A modular and dynamic force apparatus for adjusting standard and dynamic torque-to-linear forces during physical activity in real-time, the apparatus including a force module, a user device and an apparatus tracking processing unit. The force module includes an open hub attachment point, wherein the open hub attaches the apparatus to an external source, one or more sensors measuring data for physical activity efficiency, an internal processor, wireless radio and force sensor module, a variable length cable, a force generating component, and motor controls. The internal processor, wireless radio and force sensor module includes an apparatus tracking measurement unit (“ATMU”) adapted to measure data, a first electronic communications channel for transmitting the measured data to an apparatus tracking processing unit (“ATPU”), and a second electronic communications channel for transmitting one or more apparatus conditions data to adjust dynamic forces. The user device receives one or more apparatus conditions data over the second electronic communications channel for real-time notification and/or adjustments to the user. The user interface includes a display that provides feedback and an apparatus tracking processing unit (“ATPU”). The ATPU includes the first electronic communications channel for receiving the measured data from the ATMU, a microprocessor, a memory storage area, a database stored in the memory storage area, and a tracking processing module located in the memory storage are. The database stores a first set of evaluation rules and a second set of evaluation rules, the first set of evaluation rules corresponding to one or more tracking parameters, and the second set of evaluation rules corresponding to the one or more apparatus conditions. The tracking processing includes program instructions that, when executed by the microprocessor, causes the microprocessor to determine the one or more tracking parameters using the measured data and the first set of evaluation rules, and determine the one or more apparatus conditions data using the one or more tracking parameters and the second set of evaluation rules.

An automatic ball launcher for pets includes a body shell, a ball launch aisle, a ball launch mechanism which is connected to the ball launch aisle and near the outlet for the ball; the ball launch mechanism comprises one or more ball launch wheels and one or more ball launch motors; the ball launch wheels are set on two sides of the ball launch aisle, a face of which is a concaved curve; the concaved curve matches the outline of the ball; regular teeth are arranged on the concaved curve; the ball launch wheels are driven by one or more ball launch motor and launch the ball from the outlet. The present invention effectively enlarged the contact surface between the wheels and the ball, which solve the problem of slippery ball being stuck inside the launcher. The playing is not interrupted by the stuck ball and is enjoyable.

A method of producing toy balls for pets, including: manufacturing distorted sphere balls with an opening in the distorted area using injection molding; sealing the opening of the distorted sphere balls to form uni-body sphere-shaped balls. The material used in the production of these toys can be rubber, thermoplastic elastomers, or thermoplastic rubber. This method allows to manufacture toy balls with no detached parts in the case of broken joints when the balls are chewed or torn apart by the pets. Thus, the ball can help to keep the pets from endangering themselves by swallowing detached parts of pet toy balls.

A method is provided for the automatic control of cycling speed in a human. The method comprises: estimating the subject's actual cycling speed using one or more sensors to thereby obtain a measured speed; determining an error comprising a difference between a desired speed and the measured speed; and outputting, to the subject, a stimulus frequency signal wherein the stimulus frequency signal is based on the error in such a manner that when the subject pedals in a manner that matches a frequency of the stimulus frequency signal, the subject's actual speed controllably tracks the desired speed.

A method is provided for the automatic control of cycling speed in a human. The method comprises: estimating the subject's actual cycling speed using one or more sensors to thereby obtain a measured speed; determining an error comprising a difference between a desired speed and the measured speed; and outputting, to the subject, a stimulus frequency signal wherein the stimulus frequency signal is based on the error in such a manner that when the subject pedals in a manner that matches a frequency of the stimulus frequency signal, the subject's actual speed controllably tracks the desired speed.

A flip toy assembly provides a launcher having and a projectile that is launched and can be caught by the launcher. The launcher has an elongate handle. The handle has a top end and a bottom end, distal from the top end. A head is fixedly attached to the bottom end. A projectile has an apex having a first side and a second side. A first leg extends away from the first side of the apex and a second leg extends away from the second side of the apex. A method of playing a game with the flip toy assembly is also provided.

A pet toy includes a first section, a second section and a slide lock. The first section has a distal end and a proximal end, and a handle disposed at the proximal end. The second section has a distal end and a proximal end, and a gripper disposed at the distal end. The proximal end of the second section is pivotally attached to the distal end of the first section to form a hinge. The slide lock is configured to slide along at least one of the first and second sections so as to overlie the proximal end of the second section and the distal end of the first section to cover the hinge, locking the hinge and prohibiting pivotal movement between the first section and the second section.

A treadmill may include two separate left and right belts rotating around two sets of rollers, four legs having an adjustable height via air suspension to customize an inclination of the treadmill, a thermoelectric assembly, a fragrance assembly having a rotating fragrance cartridge to emit various smells toward a user of the treadmill, a display on which exercise programs are played, and an attachment module having a dispensing tray on which treats are dispensed. A handle of the treadmill may have a sensor to sense a height and front-rear position, and a belt divider provided between the left and right belts may have position or proximity sensors to sense a left-right position. An inclination of the treadmill may be automatically adjusted according to positions detected by the sensors, and the fragrance assembly, attachment module, and inclination may be automatically operated in accordance with an exercise program played on the display.

A treadmill may include two separate left and right belts rotating around two sets of rollers, four legs having an adjustable height via air suspension to customize an inclination of the treadmill, a thermoelectric assembly, a fragrance assembly having a rotating fragrance cartridge to emit various smells toward a user of the treadmill, a display on which exercise programs are played, and an attachment module having a dispensing tray on which treats are dispensed. A handle of the treadmill may have a sensor to sense a height and front-rear position, and a belt divider provided between the left and right belts may have position or proximity sensors to sense a left-right position. An inclination of the treadmill may be automatically adjusted according to positions detected by the sensors, and the fragrance assembly, attachment module, and inclination may be automatically operated in accordance with an exercise program played on the display.