A cushioning sheet includes a first portion provided in a first area, and a second portion provided in a second area and having a strength stronger than that of the first portion.

A cushioning sheet includes a first portion provided in a first area, and a second portion provided in a second area and having a strength stronger than that of the first portion.

A packaging system includes a packaging unit and an article. The packaging unit includes a solid layer, a porous layer and a plastic layer with a cavity. The cavity is configured to receive and secure the article in an opening defined by the cavity that is flexible between a first and a second dimension. The packaging unit is fabricated by a 3D printing process. A tensioning device of a 3D printing machine tensions a feed filament during the 3D printing process.

A packaging system includes a packaging unit and an article. The packaging unit includes a solid layer, a porous layer and a plastic layer with a cavity. The cavity is configured to receive and secure the article in an opening defined by the cavity that is flexible between a first and a second dimension. The packaging unit is fabricated by a 3D printing process. A tensioning device of a 3D printing machine tensions a feed filament during the 3D printing process.

A tray includes a bottom portion including a plurality of protrusion patterns and a sidewall portion protruded from the bottom portion. The sidewall portion includes a first side portion provided with a groove defined therein and extending from the bottom portion, an upper surface extending from the first side portion to a direction away from the bottom portion in a plan view, and a second side portion extending from the upper surface and facing the first side portion.

A tray includes a bottom portion including a plurality of protrusion patterns and a sidewall portion protruded from the bottom portion. The sidewall portion includes a first side portion provided with a groove defined therein and extending from the bottom portion, an upper surface extending from the first side portion to a direction away from the bottom portion in a plan view, and a second side portion extending from the upper surface and facing the first side portion.

A foam packaging assembly for protecting an article includes one or more pads including at least one corner pad and at least one side pad disposed between the corner pads, a packaging container configured to receive the article or an inner box storing the article, and a configurator determining one or more dimensions of the container based on at least one input variable of the article or the inner box. The configurator further determines a number of the pads for placement inside the container such that the article with the pads is protected during storage or transport. Further, the foam packaging assembly includes at least one insert board configured for placement over the article inside the container, and the configurator determines one or more dimensions of the insert board when the insert board is selected to be disposed inside the container.

Cushioning constituting a part of a box configured to accommodate an object to be packaged includes: a bottom plate on which the object to be packaged is to be placed; a top plate including a cushioning portion having a cushioning function, the cushioning portion and the bottom plate being configured to hold the object to be packaged therebetween; and a folding portion to be folded from the top plate over the bottom plate to apply tension to the cushioning portion holding the object to be packaged.

Cushioning constituting a part of a box configured to accommodate an object to be packaged includes: a bottom plate on which the object to be packaged is to be placed; a top plate including a cushioning portion having a cushioning function, the cushioning portion and the bottom plate being configured to hold the object to be packaged therebetween; and a folding portion to be folded from the top plate over the bottom plate to apply tension to the cushioning portion holding the object to be packaged.

Molded foam articles are provided. The molded foam articles have at least one surface having at least a portion that has been skin-formed for forming a skin-formed living hinge for enabling a robust living hinge capable of hundreds of open/close cycles at angles of up to 270.