An ice and snow dual-purpose sliding device includes: a shoe cover main body. An accommodating cavity is disposed on a top of the shoe cover main body. The accommodating cavity is matched with a shoe and configuring to receive the shoe. A bottom of the shoe cover main body includes a first area, a second area, and a third area. The second area is horizontally disposed. Two sliding devices are disposed on the second area in a protruding mode. The two sliding devices are in a rail shape to slide on an ice surface or a snowfield. First accelerating devices are detachably disposed on the two sliding devices. Second accelerating devices are detachably disposed on the first area. Braking devices are detachably disposed on the third area. The first area and the third area incline upwards relative to the second area.