System and methods for estimating the number of packages in a measurement zone to gauge package flow. A linear array of distance-measuring sensors measures the height profile of a mass of packages conveyed past. The profile is differentiated, and steps in the differentiated profile are counted to detect package edges and to produce an estimate of the number of packages in the measurement zone. The estimate can be used to adjust the speed of the conveyor to provide a constant package flow.

A measurement system and a method for measuring a coefficient of friction on a slidable conveyor belt in a direction of movement are provided. The system includes a disk floatingly placed on the conveyor belt and having a bottom surface, wherefrom projects at least one rounded element that rests on the conveyor belt, having a shape that, regardless of the relative orientation of the disk and the conveyor belt, at least one rounded element extends along a direction not parallel to the direction of movement, a pair of abutment elements maintaining the disk fixed with respect to the direction of movement of the conveyor belt, and a pair of load cells operatively associated with the abutment elements and with the disk, to measure a thrust force exerted by the disk on each load cell by effect of the relative sliding of the conveyor belt with respect to the disk.

A loading dock having a sensing device to determine proximity of a vehicle to the loading dock is disclosed. The loading dock includes a loading bay. The loading dock also includes a driving platform that receives a vehicle approaching the loading dock. The driving platform is positioned beneath the loading bay. The loading dock include a loading platform extending from the loading bay. The loading dock is equipped with a sensing device attached to the loading platform. The sensing device determines and monitors a distance between the vehicle and the loading platform. The loading dock also includes an indicating device that generates a signal when the distance between the vehicle and the loading platform is less than a threshold distance.

An automatic electromechanical braking roller system includes a power drive unit (PDU) comprising a sensor configured to detect a speed of a unit load device (ULD), a controller configured to receive a speed signal corresponding to a speed of the ULD from the sensor, and an electromechanical braking roller (EBR) spaced apart from the PDU and configured to receive a braking signal from the controller in response to the speed of the ULD being greater than a threshold value. In response to the speed of the ULD being less than the threshold value, the EBR is configured to rotate freely about an axis in a first state. In response to the speed of the ULD being greater than the threshold value, the EBR is configured to reduce the speed of the ULD in a second state.

A robotic system is disclosed. The system includes a communication interface configured to receive, from one or more sensors deployed in a workspace, sensor data indicative of a current state of the workspace, the workspace comprising a pallet or other receptacle and a plurality of items stacked on or in the receptacle. The system includes one or more processors that use a geometric model based at least in part on past item placements in combination with the sensor data to estimate a state of the pallet or other receptacle and one or more items stacked on or in the pallet or other receptacle, and use the estimated state to generate or update a plan to control a robotic arm to place a next item on or in, or remove a next item from, the pallet or other receptacle in a manner that avoids having the next item collide with any other item stacked on or in the pallet or other receptacle.

A robotic system is disclosed. The system includes a communication interface that receives, from a sensor(s) deployed in a workspace, sensor data indicative of a current state of the workspace, the workspace comprising a pallet or other receptacle and a plurality of items stacked on or in the receptacle. The system includes one or more processors that control a robotic arm to place a first set of items on or in, or remove the first set of items from, the pallet or other receptacle, update a geometric model based on the first set of items placed on or in a receptacle, use the geometric model in combination with the sensor data to estimate a stack of one or more items on or in the receptacle, and use the estimated state to generate or update a plan to control the robotic arm to place a second set of items.

A robotic system is disclosed. The system includes a memory that stores for each of a plurality of items a set of attribute values. The system includes a processor(s) that uses the attribute values to simulate the placement of items, including by determining, iteratively, for each next item a placement location at which to place the item on a simulated stack of items on the pallet, using the attribute values and a geometric model of where items have been simulated to have been placed to estimate a state of the stack after each of a subset of simulated placements, and using the estimated state to inform a next placement decision. The steps of determining for each next item a placement location and estimating the state of the stack until all of at least a subset of the plurality of items have been simulated as having been placed on the stack.

A vacuum-based end effector for engaging parcels includes a base plate, one or more vacuum cups of a first type, and one or more vacuum cups of a second type. Each vacuum cup of the vacuum-based end effector is configured to be placed in fluid communication with a vacuum source to provide the vacuum cup with a suction force which can be used to engage and grasp parcels. Each vacuum cup includes a bellows defining a pathway for a flow of air and a lip connected to the bellows. Each lip of the one or more vacuum cups of the first type comprises a foam lip, and each lip of the one or more vacuum cups of the second type comprises an elastomeric lip. The vacuum-based end effector can be combined with a robot to provide an improved system for engaging parcels.

A radio sensor module for detecting material containers in a storage or transport system includes a transmission device for the wireless transmission of signals. The radio sensor module has a holder and a rocker pivotably mounted therein. A sensor for detecting a position of the rocker and the transmission device are arranged in the rocker.

The invention provides an end effector, comprising a mounting portion and an execution portion, and the execution portion including at least a package placement platform configured to movably coupled to the mounting portion. With the help of the package placement platform, the end effector of the invention can receive the packages of different types or different sizes or different material so as to sort and transport all kinds of packages.