An image recording apparatus includes a roller pair for transporting a sheet, a recording head, and a controller. The controller determines a linefeed amount by which the sheet is transported by the roller pair between corresponding two adjacent passes of the recording head. The controller executes image recording on the sheet by alternately repeating a linefeed operation for rotating the roller pair by the determined linefeed amount to transport the sheet in a transport direction, and a pass recording operation in which the controller causes the roller pair to stop and the recording head to perform a pass and to record part of an image on the sheet. Upon determining that a linefeed operation would cause the sheet to travel past the roller pair while the roller pair is decelerating, replace for the linefeed operation a determined linefeed amount by an adjusted linefeed amount.

A sheet processing apparatus includes a roller pair configured to convey a sheet, a sheet bundle conveyer configured to convey a sheet bundle to the roller pair, and circuitry configured to cause the sheet bundle conveyer to contact leading edges of sheets of the sheet bundle to the roller pair and cause the roller pair to rotate in reverse to align the leading edges of the sheets of the sheet bundle.

A sheet conveying device includes a first roller, a second roller, and a controller. The first roller is configured to rotate in a forward direction for sheet conveyance along a sheet conveying direction. The second roller is disposed downstream with respect to the first roller in the sheet conveying direction and configured to rotate in a forward direction along the sheet conveying direction and in a reverse direction. The controller is configured to control the second roller to rotate in the reverse direction at a timing when a leading end of a sheet that is nipped and conveyed by the first roller reaches a nip of the second roller.

A medium transporting apparatus includes a first medium transport path in which a transport roller pair is provided, a second medium transport path for feeding a medium fed downstream in a medium transport direction from the transport roller pair to an upstream position of the transport roller pair in the first medium transport path, and a medium detection unit for detecting passage of a medium in the first medium transport path, in which a position at which the medium detection unit detects a medium is switched between a transport direction upstream position and a transport direction downstream position of the transport roller pair according to whether or not a medium is transported on the second medium transport path.

A cleaning device cleans a surface of a sheet conveyance member which conveys a sheet in an image forming apparatus that executes image forming processing using a recording material, the surface carrying a solid substance that originates from the recording material and that adheres to the surface. The cleaning device includes a cleaning member including a contact surface configured to come in contact with the surface of the sheet conveyance member. The contact surface is an irregular surface rougher than the surface of the sheet conveyance member. At cleaning of the surface, the cleaning member makes a relative movement to the surface of the sheet conveyance member. The irregular surface is an irregular surface configured to take away the solid substance adhering to the surface of the sheet conveyance member when the cleaning member makes the relative movement.

A sheet conveying device includes a first roller, a second roller, and a controller. The first roller is configured to rotate in a forward direction for sheet conveyance along a sheet conveying direction. The second roller is disposed downstream with respect to the first roller in the sheet conveying direction and configured to rotate in a forward direction along the sheet conveying direction and in a reverse direction. The controller is configured to control the second roller to rotate in the reverse direction at a timing when a leading end of a sheet that is nipped and conveyed by the first roller reaches a nip of the second roller.

A sheet conveying device includes an aligning roller and a sheet guide. The aligning roller is configured to rotate in a forward direction along a sheet conveying direction, and stop rotation or rotate in a reverse direction to align a sheet conveyed thereto with a nip formed with the aligning roller. The sheet guide is disposed along a sheet conveyance path extending to the nip in the sheet conveying direction, and movable between a first position at which the sheet conveyance path has a first width in a thickness direction of the sheet and a second position at which the sheet conveyance path has a second width in the thickness direction less than the first width. The sheet guide is at the first position when the aligning roller stops rotation or rotates in the reverse direction and at the second position when the aligning roller rotates in the forward direction.

A sheet aligning mechanism includes first and second aligning rollers that form a nip therebetween, to which a leading end of a sheet to be aligned is conveyed. The first aligning roller includes first and second roller portions along a rotational axis of the first aligning roller, the first roller portion including a center of the first aligning roller in an axial direction, and a friction coefficient of a surface of the second roller portion is lower than a friction coefficient of a surface of the first roller portion.

A sheet aligning mechanism includes first and second conveyance mechanisms disposed on first and second sides of a sheet conveyance path, respectively. A nip is formed between the first and second conveyance mechanisms. The first conveyance mechanism includes a first roller, a second roller, and a first conveyance belt wound around the first and second rollers. The first and second rollers are configured to rotate in a first direction along a sheet conveying direction for sheet conveyance, and stop rotation or rotate in a second direction opposite to the first direction for sheet alignment. The first conveyance belt includes an extended region between the first and second rollers in an extending direction inclined with respect to the sheet conveying direction, such that a width of the sheet conveyance path becomes narrower towards the nip in the sheet conveying direction.

A medium transporting apparatus includes a first medium transport path in which a transport roller pair is provided, a second medium transport path for feeding a medium fed downstream in a medium transport direction from the transport roller pair to an upstream position of the transport roller pair in the first medium transport path, and a medium detection unit for detecting passage of a medium in the first medium transport path, in which a position at which the medium detection unit detects a medium is switched between a transport direction upstream position and a transport direction downstream position of the transport roller pair according to whether or not a medium is transported on the second medium transport path.