In some examples, a sheet processing machine includes at least one infeed system including at least one transport means including at least one upper holder and at least one lower holder. The at least one transport means can be and/or is arranged in at least three states: a maximally closed state corresponding to a minimal distance, a minimally closed state corresponding to a maximal distance, and an at least one mean state corresponding to at least one mean distance between at least one upper holding surface at least of the respective upper holder, and at least one lower holding surface of the lower holder of the at least one transport means that is assigned to the respective upper holder. During a machine cycle, the at least one transport means has each of the minimally closed state, the maximally closed state, and the at least one mean state at least once.

A laminating device inserts a sheet-shaped medium into a two-ply sheet in which two sheets are overlaid and partially bonded, and includes a loader, a fixing device, and control circuitry. The loader loads the sheet-shaped medium or a cleaning sheet. The fixing device laminates the two-ply sheet in which the sheet-shaped medium is sandwiched between the two sheets of the two-ply sheet. The control circuitry performs a cleaning mode of conveying a plurality of cleaning sheets from the loader to clean the fixing device. The cleaning mode is to convey a subsequent cleaning sheet of the plurality of cleaning sheets at a position different from a position of a preceding cleaning sheet of the plurality of cleaning sheets in a direction orthogonal to a conveyance direction of the plurality of cleaning sheets.

A sheet conveying device includes a sheet detection unit and a position adjusting mechanism. The position adjusting mechanism is disposed on a downstream side of the sheet detection unit in a sheet conveying direction in the sheet conveying path, includes an adjusting roller pair, and performs skew correction and positional displacement correction of a sheet, while conveying the sheet. The sheet conveying path includes a first conveying roller pair disposed on an upstream side of the position adjusting mechanism in the sheet conveying direction, and a curved part disposed between the adjusting roller pair and the first conveying roller pair, which curves in an S shape so as to be convex in a front and back side direction of the sheet alternately at different positions in the sheet conveying direction. The adjusting roller pair nips and conveys the sheet together with the first conveying roller pair.

A sheet conveying device, which is included in an image forming apparatus, includes a pair of rotary bodies configured to convey a sheet and correct a positional deviation of the sheet, a pair of downstream side sheet conveying bodies disposed downstream from the pair of rotary bodies in a sheet conveying direction and configured to convey the sheet, and a detector configured to detect separation of the pair of rotary bodies. The pair of rotary bodies moves the sheet by moving from a home position on a sheet conveyance passage through which the sheet passes. The pair of rotary bodies moves to the home position while the pair of downstream side sheet conveying bodies is conveying the sheet, in response to detection of the separation of the pair of rotary bodies by the detector.

A sheet conveying apparatus includes a sheet conveying path, conveying members, a switching unit, a receiving unit, and a control unit. The sheet conveying path includes a first conveying path and a second conveying path having a conveying load for a sheet larger than the first conveying path. The switching unit selectively switches the sheet conveying path between the first conveying path and the second conveying path. The control unit determines whether the sheets are first sheets or second sheets thicker than the first sheets, based on sheet thickness information received by the receiving unit. If the sheets are the first sheets, the switching unit switches the sheet conveying path between the first conveying path and the second conveying path alternately. If the sheets are the second sheets, the switching unit switches to fix the sheet conveying path to the first conveying path.

An edge detection unit is arranged in a conveying portion conveying a sheet and detects the edge of the sheet in the width direction perpendicular to the sheet conveying direction. A light source unit is arranged opposite the sheet. A detecting portion holder holds the edge detection unit and the light source unit. A conveying roller pair positions the sheet conveyed toward the edge detection unit. A unit housing houses the detecting portion holder and the conveying roller pair. The edge detection unit has a contact glass making contact with the sheet. The light source unit has a facing glass facing the contact glass. One glass out of the contact glass and the facing glass is inclined downward at a first angle with respect to the tangent line, which passes through the nip portion between the conveying roller pair, toward the downstream side in the sheet conveying direction.

A printing device is provided comprising a camera to capture an image of at least a portion of a print substrate; a controller to determine a location of a portion of a side edge of the substrate from the image to determine a distance of the print substrate from a predetermined location; and adjustment apparatus to adjust the entire substrate laterally, relative to the direction of transport of the substrate, based on the determined location.

A sheet conveying device, which is included in an image forming apparatus and a post processing device, includes multiple position detectors and a position corrector. The multiple position detectors are aligned along a sheet conveying direction and configured to detect a side end of a sheet. The position corrector is configured to convey the sheet and correct a position of the sheet based on a positional deviation amount of the sheet, obtained by a detection result of the multiple position detectors. The positional deviation amount of the sheet is obtained by an extreme downstream position detector in the sheet conveying direction, of the multiple position detectors. A position of a subsequent sheet is corrected based on a sum of the positional deviation amount of the sheet and a positional deviation amount of the subsequent sheet.

A printing device is provided comprising a camera to capture an image of at least a portion of a print substrate; a controller to determine a location of a portion of a side edge of the substrate from the image to determine a distance of the print substrate from a predetermined location; and adjustment apparatus to adjust the entire substrate laterally, relative to the direction of transport of the substrate, based on the determined location.

A sheet conveying apparatus includes a sheet conveying path, conveying members, a switching unit, a receiving unit, and a control unit. The sheet conveying path includes a first conveying path and a second conveying path having a conveying load for a sheet larger than the first conveying path. The switching unit selectively switches the sheet conveying path between the first conveying path and the second conveying path. The control unit determines whether the sheets are first sheets or second sheets thicker than the first sheets, based on sheet thickness information received by the receiving unit. If the sheets are the first sheets, the switching unit switches the sheet conveying path between the first conveying path and the second conveying path alternately. If the sheets are the second sheets, the switching unit switches to fix the sheet conveying path to the first conveying path.