A vacuum wheel for transporting a substrate includes a fixed conduit that is connectable to a suction source. A vacuum surface on a circumference of the vacuum wheel includes vacuum openings that are distributed around the circumference, such that rotation of the wheel causes the vacuum openings to successively fluidically connect to the fixed conduit. When suction is applied to the fixed conduit, suction is applied to one or more of the vacuum openings that are currently fluidically connected to the fixed conduit. At least one contact surface on the circumference of the vacuum wheel is adjacent to, and extends outward beyond, the vacuum surface. When suction is applied to the vacuum openings, the substrate is drawn toward the vacuum surface so as to contact the contact surface without contacting the vacuum surface, creating a friction force that enables transport of the substrate when the wheel rotates.

Image forming apparatus have a plurality of models including a common control board and different in number of electrical components used. The image forming apparatus includes a wire harness including: a third connector removably connected to a first connector provided to the control board; fourth connectors removably connected to second connectors provided to the electrical components; and a plurality of cables connecting the third connector and the fourth connectors. In all of the plurality of models, cables are connected to pins located at both ends of the third connector. In a model in which the number of the plurality of cables is smaller than the number of pins of the third connector, pins of the third connector to which the plurality of cables are not connected are arranged at a central portion in a longitudinal direction of the third connector or near the central portion.

An apparatus, to control a motor from an instructed phase indicating a motor rotor target phase, includes a detector, a phase determiner, a converter, and a controller. The detector detects a motor winding driving current. The phase determiner determines a rotor rotation phase from the detected driving current. The converter converts a detected current value in a stationary coordinate system into a current value in a rotational coordinate system from the determined rotation phase. The controller includes a first mode for controlling the driving current to cause a determined phase deviation between the instructed and rotation phases to decreased, and a second mode for controlling the driving current from a current having a previously determined magnitude. On switching the mode from the second to the first mode, the first mode target value is set from a driving current value corresponding to a current component represented by the rotational coordinate system.

A sheet conveying apparatus includes: a plurality of conveyors provided along a sheet conveying direction; a plurality of main driving parts that is respectively provided to the plurality of conveyors and independently drives the conveyors; an auxiliary driving part that drives the plurality of conveyors; and a transmitter that transmits driving force between the plurality of conveyors and transmits driving force of the auxiliary driving part to the plurality of conveyors.

An apparatus, to control a motor from an instructed phase indicating a motor rotor target phase, includes a detector, a phase determiner, a converter, and a controller. The detector detects a motor winding driving current. The phase determiner determines a rotor rotation phase from the detected driving current. The converter converts a detected current value in a stationary coordinate system into a current value in a rotational coordinate system from the determined rotation phase. The controller includes a first mode for controlling the driving current to cause a determined phase deviation between the instructed and rotation phases to decreased, and a second mode for controlling the driving current from a current having a previously determined magnitude. On switching the mode from the second to the first mode, the first mode target value is set from a driving current value corresponding to a current component represented by the rotational coordinate system.

A stacking and dispensing module (2) for use in an automatic teller machine (4), the module is configured to be arranged in connection with a banknote storage unit (6) comprising a banknote tray (8) on which banknotes (10) are stacked, the stacking and dispensing module (2) is configured to be in a banknote stacking mode, when banknotes are stacked in said storage unit (6), and in a banknote dispensing mode, when banknotes are dispensed from said storage unit (6). A stacking wheel member (12) is active both during the banknote stacking mode and during the banknote dispensing mode, and that the rotation of the stacking wheel member (12) is configured to be controlled by a first direct current (DC) motor (20), and the rotation of a dispensing wheel member (16) is configured to be controlled by a second DC motor (22). The module further comprises: a current measuring unit (24) configured to measure the currents applied to drive said first and second DC motors (20, 22) and to generate current signals (26, 28) in dependence thereto, a control unit (30) configured to receive said current signals (26, 28), wherein the control unit (30) is configured to evaluate said current signals (26, 28) and to determine control signals (32, 34) for various functions of said module in dependence of said evaluation, and to apply said control signals for controlling said functions.

A one hand spinning reel system includes a fixed spool and a bail coupled to a trigger switch for opening and optionally closing the bail, and a solid spindle coupled to a motor that is controlled by a motor switch. When the one hand spinning reel system is affixed to a fishing rod, the trigger switch and the motor switch can be operated, and the fishing line can be controlled, using the same hand used to hold the fishing rod and to cast the fishing line.

Systems for marking a moving film that include a triggering apparatus (140) that repeatedly provides a trigger signal, a controller (120) that receives the trigger signal and generates a marking signal, and a marking device (130) that receives the marking signal and marks the film are provided Also provided are methods for marking a moving film that employ the systems. Apparatuses for marking a moving film that include the triggering apparatus and the controller are also provided. Methods for making metallized marked films that include a film marked by these systems and a metallized layer, in which at least one marking is embedded within the film are also provided. Also provided are methods for making packages and packing a product in these packages, in which the packages include the metallized marked films are also provided.

An image forming apparatus that controls to cut off exciting currents supplied to a plurality of motors to drive conveyance roller pairs after a leading end of a paper sheet is brought in contact with a registration roller pair, and, when cutting off the exciting currents, cut off the exciting current for at least one of the motors at a different timing from the other motors.

A card reader may include a card conveying passage; and a card conveying mechanism. The card conveying mechanism may include a motor; a conveying roller; and a power transmission mechanism. The power transmission mechanism may include a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear, a first support shaft structured to support the first gear and the third gear in a rotatable manner; and a second support shaft structured to support the second gear and the fourth gear in a rotatable manner. An axial direction of the first support shaft coincides with the first direction, and an axial direction of the second support shaft coincides with the first direction. The first gear and third gear overlap each other in the axial direction of the first support shaft, and the second gear and fourth gear overlap each other in the axial direction of the second support shaft.