The disclosure relates to a banknote handling machine comprising: a banknote transport arrangement configured to transport banknotes along transport paths within the machine, wherein the banknote transport arrangement comprises a diverter assembly comprising: a diverter rotatably attached to a structure of the machine, and an electric motor configured to transfer kinetic energy to the diverter so as to rotate the diverter between a first position and a second position, wherein the diverter, when in the first position, is configured to control banknotes to be transported along a first transport path, and wherein the diverter, when in the second position, is configured to control banknotes to be transported along a second transport path.

A medium conveying apparatus includes a conveyance roller to convey a medium, a DC motor to drive the conveyance roller, a processor to rotate the DC motor, an encoder to output a first pulse signal whose cycle varies according to a rotation speed of the DC motor, and an imaging device to acquire an image acquired by imaging a conveyed medium in response to a pulse of a second pulse signal whose cycle is constant. The processor detects a number of pulses of the second pulse signal included in a predetermined cycle of the first pulse signal, and discards images acquired by the imaging device in the same number of pulses as difference between the detected number of pulses and a reference number, in a next cycle of the predetermined cycle of the first pulse signal, when the detected number of pulses exceeds the reference number.

A sheet conveyor includes: a holder that detachably holds a sheet roll; a conveyance roller that conveys, by rotation, a sheet pulled out from the sheet roll; a first motor that rotates the conveyance roller; a second motor that rotates the sheet roll along with the conveyance of the sheet; a tension estimator that estimates tension of the sheet conveyed by the rotation of the conveyance roller; a measuring device that measures a physical quantity related to rotary motion of the conveyance roller; and a controller. The controller estimates acceleration torque of the second motor required for rotating the sheet roll depending on acceleration of the conveyance roller, based on rotation acceleration of the conveyance roller specified by the physical quantity measured by the measuring device, and calculates a feedforward control input for the second motor based on the acceleration torque estimated.

A sheet conveying apparatus includes: a plurality of driving parts each connected to one end of corresponding one of a respective plurality of rotating shafts; a first torque adjuster connected to another end of each of the plurality of rotating shafts, the first torque adjuster applying first torque to the plurality of driving parts; a second torque adjuster that applies, to the driving parts, second torque for adjusting the first torque to be applied to the driving parts by the first torque adjuster; and a hardware processor that controls the second torque to be applied to the driving parts in the second torque adjuster in accordance with a number of revolutions of the driving part.

An automatic tape dispensing system comprising a feed system having a plurality of rollers, the rollers driven by a motor for peeling tape from a tape roll and dispensing the tape from the dispensing system. The system further includes a reel for supporting the tape thereon and a track supporting the reel. The track extends from a first upper end to a second lower end, the reel movable from the upper end to the lower end in response to tape being dispensed from the system in order to maintain a desired tension on the tape roll.

An image forming apparatus includes a conveyance unit, a detection unit, and a determination unit. The conveyance unit conveys a sheet. The detection unit detects a sound that emanates when the conveyance unit operates. The determination unit performs state determination. In a case where a volume of a sound detected by the detection unit is not higher than or equal to a predetermined sound volume, the determination unit determines that the conveyance unit is not normally operating. In a case where the detected sound volume is higher than or equal to the predetermined sound volume, the determination unit determines that the conveyance unit is normally operating.

An image forming apparatus that has a transfer device that includes an intermediate transfer belt that is tensioned by a plurality of support rollers, a secondary transfer roller that faces one of the support rollers via the intermediate transfer belt, a cam that adjust a pressing force that presses the intermediate transfer belt by the secondary transfer roller, a motor that drives the cam, and a conveyor that conveys a recording medium to a transfer nip formed between the intermediate transfer belt and the secondary transfer roller is provided with a controller that controls an operation of the motor. The controller executes first control of operating the motor with a constant torque and stopping the motor when a rotation angular speed of the motor is less than or equal to a first threshold and second control of operating the motor at a predetermined timing to adjust a transfer nip amount.

A contact-separation mechanism includes a cam to rotate to move a contact-separation member to and from a counterpart member, a detection target to rotate together with the cam, and a detector to detect presence or absence of the detection target in a detection area of the detector, and circuitry. The cam has a reference range. The circuitry issues a rotation stop instruction of the cam after a target time elapses from passing of the reference range of the detection target through the detection area, and sets the target time based on a duration of an immediately preceding passing of the reference range through the detection area.

A drive apparatus according to the present invention includes a stepping motor that transmits power to a rotating shaft of a conveyance roller, a brushless motor that transmits power to the rotating shaft of the conveyance roller, a first controller that controls an operation of the stepping motor so that the stepping motor rotates at a constant speed, and a second controller that controls an operation of the brushless motor. The second controller switches control of the brushless motor between, in accordance with a conveyance state of the sheet, assist control in which power of the brushless motor assists a rotation of the stepping motor, brake control in which power of the brushless motor prevents the rotation of the stepping motor, and neutral control in which power of the brushless motor does not affect the rotation of the stepping motor.

An image forming apparatus includes a stacking unit having a stack tray, a conveyance unit, an image forming unit, a direct current (DC) brush motor, a drive unit, a detector, a first determiner, and a second determiner. An image forming unit forms an image on a sheet conveyed by the conveyance unit from the stack tray. The drive unit drives the DC brush motor to lift and lower the stack tray in a vertical direction. The detector detects a drive current flowing through a DC brush motor winding. The first determiner determines a DC brush motor rotor rotation amount based on the number of times an absolute value of a current value of the detected drive current changes from a value smaller than a threshold to a value greater than the threshold. The second determiner determines a residual amount of stack tray stacked sheets based on the determined rotation amount.