A new class of ordered functional nanoporous material (OFNMs) with a unique combination of electronic conductivity, gas transport ability, and ion transport properties are provided. The OFNM provided is highly ordered and contains nanometer scale pores lined with nitrogen atoms. The pores have dimensions of from 1.2 nm to 82 nm of longest linear extent across the pore. The functionality within the pore is controlled through selection of groups that extend into the pore. The degree of conjugated aromaticity is readily controlled to adjust the electrical conductivity properties of the resulting structure. By adjusting the groups external to the pore, three-dimensional structures are formed that are organic mimics of zeolites, metal organic frameworks (MOF), or perovskites.

Nanopillar-based closed ring resonator (CRR) MMs, utilizing displacement current in the nano gap medium between nanopillars that significantly increases energy storage in the MMs, leading to an enhanced Q-factor of at least 11000. A metallic nanopillar array is designed in the form of a closed ring (e.g., square-shape) CRR.

The present invention provides a hierarchical microstructure having nanopatterns formed on an upper surface as well as a side surface thereof, so as to maximize the effect of a multiscale structure. Therefore, the hierarchical microstructure can have a wider surface area. Also, the present invention provides a method of preparing a mold for forming the hierarchical microstructure using a sequential imprinting procedure and a creep behavior. According to the present invention, the mold for forming a hierarchical microstructure can be prepared more effectively and easily.

Nanopillar-based THz metamaterials, such as split ring resonator (SRR) MMs, utilizing displacement current in the dielectric medium between nanopillars that significantly increases energy storage in the MMs, leading to enhanced Q-factor. A metallic nanopillar array is designed in the form of a single gap (C-shape) SRR. Vacuum or dielectric materials of different permittivities are filled between the nanopillars to form nanoscale dielectric gaps. In other embodiments, formation of patterned nanowires using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates with porous structures of different heights resulting from an initial step difference made by etching the aluminum (Al) thin film with a photoresist developer prior to the anodization process are disclosed.

A 3D nanopore device for characterizing biopolymer molecules includes a first selecting layer having a first axis of selection. The device also includes a second selecting layer disposed adjacent the first selecting layer and having a second axis of selection orthogonal to the first axis of selection. The device further includes an third electrode layer disposed adjacent the second selecting layer, such that the first selecting layer, the second selecting layer, and the third electrode layer form a stack of layers along a Z axis and define a plurality of nanopore pillars.

A material with nanopillar structures extending from a substrate. The nanopillars are engageable by organisms to cause an interaction, such as cellular destruction.

A material with nanopillar structures extending from a substrate. The nanopillars are engageable by organisms to cause an interaction, such as cellular destruction.

A process for manufacturing custom optically active quantum-particle cells includes forming a pre-customization assembly and then, in response to receipt of specifications for quantum-particle cells, performing a customization subprocess on the pre-customization assembly to yield custom quantum-particle cells, e.g., vapor cells, vacuum cells, micro-channel cells containing alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal ions or neutral atoms. The customization can include forming metasurface structures on cell walls, e.g., to serve as anti-reflection coatings, lenses, etc., and introducing quantum particles (e.g., alkali metal atoms). A cover can be bonded to hermetically seal the assembly, which can then be diced to yield plural separated custom optically active quantum-particle cells.

A template assisted electrochemical synthesis (TAES) technique is utilized to produce an exposed segmented nanostructure array (ESNA). The ESNA may provide a conductive substrate, insulating layer, and an array of segmented nanostructures. The insulating layer may separate the conductive substrate from the exposed portions of the segmented nanostructures, but another portion of the segmented nanostructures may be embedded in the insulating layer. This embedded portion of the segmented nanostructure may contact the conductive substrate. The ESNA may be produced by electrochemical deposition process(es) utilizing a multi-layered membrane with a conductive substrate as a template, where the multi-layered membrane has layers with pores corresponding to the dimensions of the desired segments of the segmented nanostructure. When a desired shape is desired on the tip of the nanostructure, deposition may continue for a predetermined time after the pore is filled. After the deposition of material(s) in the pores of the multi-layered membrane, one or more layers of the multi-layered membranes may be dissolved to exposed a portion of the segmented nanostructures, but another portion of the segmented nanostructures remains embedded in the undissolved portion of the multi-layer membrane. When capped or core-shell ESNAs are desired, the deposition may be separated into multiple steps to achieve the desired segmented nanostructure.

A method for separating a carbon nanotube array grown on a growth substrate from the growth substrate includes providing a carbon nanotube array grown on the growth substrate. The carbon nanotube array includes a plurality of carbon nanotube, each of the plurality of carbon nanotubes includes a top end and a bottom end, and the bottom end is bonded to the growth substrate. The bottom end is oxidized to form an oxidized carbon nanotube array. And then the oxidized carbon nanotube array or the growth substrate is applied to a force.