There is provided a solar still apparatus for converting contaminated water contained in a contaminated water body into distillate water, the contaminated water body having a water surface, the solar still apparatus comprising a cover in the form of a geometrical projection comprising a wall, an opening and a chamber, wherein the wall is adapted to be in thermal communication with the external environment for capturing solar heat and in optical communication with the opening for allowing passage of solar rays from the external environment to the opening; the opening is adapted to be in optical communication with the wall and the surface of the contaminated water body for allowing passage of the solar rays from the wall to the surface of the contaminated water body for heating the contaminated water to form a vapor, and adapted to be in fluid communication with the surface of the contaminated water body and the chamber for allowing passage of the vapor from the surface of the contaminated water body inside the chamber; and the chamber is defined by the wall, the chamber being adapted to be in fluid communication with the opening for receiving the vapor formed and condensing the vapor for forming condensed distillate water therefrom.

The present patent application relates to a compact device with a modular design, and to a method for extracting volatile oils and herbal distillates contained in organic matter, using the extraction technique of steam distillation. The device is formed by a lower cylindrical module on top of which an upper hemispherical module may be disposed, and both modules may be secured to form a single hermetic body. The lower module may contain a hot-water boiler, a heat conducting disc, a steam-heating chamber, a still of raw material, and a valve for regulating the steam flow. The upper module may contain a conical steam condenser, a hemispherical cover, a ring for collecting distilled liquid, and a tube for removing the distilled liquid. The distillation method of internal steam distillation may integrate, in a single physical body, a semi-closed steam flow circuit that may include all the functions of distillation.

Liquid purification methods and apparatus are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a frame to define an interior space, the frame having an inner surface in contact with air of the interior space; a barrier positioned between a body of liquid and the interior space; and an absorber suspended from the frame to transfer liquid from the body of liquid into the interior space via an opening in the barrier.

A distillation apparatus includes an evaporator-condenser heat exchanger in combination with a compressor. The heat exchanger is mounted to float in an at least partially immersed position in a sump of liquid. The liquid may be a sap, or may be soiled water, and may have suspended solid. Heating of the liquid yield steam, the steam is compressed, and the heated, compressed steam is fed back into the heat exchanger to provide further heat to the liquid. The process yields a concentrated in the liquid bath and distilled water, each of which may be a desired product. The system may include a pre-heater that exchanges residual heat from the hot distillate with the cooler input liquid. The apparatus and process may have multiple stages.

There is provided a water transportation system comprising evaporation zones for converting water into water vapour; condensation zones for condensing the water vapour into condensed water, the condensation zones being in fluid communication with the evaporation zones; water vapour conduits adapted to enable the fluid communication of the water vapour between the evaporation zones and the condensation zones; condensed water conduits adapted to enable the fluid communication of condensed water between the condensation zones and the evaporation zones; wherein the evaporation zones and the condensation zones alternate in position along a water transportation path between a water source site and a water destination site for enabling the transport of water from the water source site to the water destination site through alternating processes of evaporation-condensation and condensation-evaporation of the water.

A hot water and distillation apparatus configured to simultaneously produce distilled water and hot water is disclosed. The hot water and distillation apparatus comprises a hot water tank, a condensation and evaporation chamber, an (feed water) evaporation tray provided in the condensation and evaporation chamber, a heat source thermally connected to the evaporation tray. The hot water and distillation apparatus is configured to condensate evaporated feed water from the evaporation tray by means of heat exchange between the hot water tank and a condensation surface. The condensation surface is provided at the outside surface of the hot water tank. The heat source is thermally connected to the evaporation tray. The hot water and distillation apparatus comprises a distillate collection member configured to collect distillate. The hot water tank, the evaporation tray and the distillate collection member are provided in the condensation and evaporation chamber.

A liquid distiller device. The device includes a dome impermeable to steam, configured to host the liquid to be distilled in an inferior part of its volume; a heat pump arranged in the interior of the dome and provided with a condenser which releases heat and an evaporator which absorbs heat, respectively conforming a hot part and a cold part of the heat pump; a radiator connected to the hot part of the heat pump, suitable for evaporating the liquid to be distilled; a condenser deposit connected to the cold part of the heat pump and suitable for condensing the evaporated liquid and collecting the distillate and; a collector tube, connected to the condenser deposit for the exit of the distillate.

The present invention relates to a desalination and/or purification device, a desalination and/or purification carbon membrane, and a method of desalinating and/or purifying a liquid by using such a desalination and/or purification device. In various illustrative embodiments, a desalination and/or purification device is provided, the desalination and/or purification device comprising a carbon membrane body comprising a carbon surface, and a structure of microchannels and/or nanochannels at least partially permeating the carbon membrane body and ending at openings at the carbon surface, a liquid transportation structure extending at least partially through the carbon membrane body without being exposed at the carbon surface, and a condenser arranged above the carbon membrane body. The liquid transportation structure is arranged and configured to supply the structure of microchannels and/or nanochannels of the carbon membrane body with a liquid to be desalinated and/or purified and the structure of microchannels and/or nanochannels of the carbon membrane body may be an at least two-level disordered network of channels.

The present patent application relates to a compact device with a modular design, and to a method for extracting volatile oils and herbal distillates contained in organic matter, using the extraction technique of steam distillation. The device is formed by a lower cylindrical module on top of which an upper hemispherical module or lid may be disposed, and both modules may be secured to form a single hermetic body. The lower module may contain a hot-water boiler, a heat conducting disc, a steam-heating chamber, an oven of raw material, and a valve for regulating the steam flow. The upper module may contain a conical steam condenser, a ring for collecting distilled liquid, and a tube for removing the distilled liquid. The distillation method of internal distillation may integrate, in a single physical body, a semi-closed steam flow circuit that may include all the functions of distillation.

A pulsed electromagnetic irradiation system for water treatment including raw water supply unit in fluid communication with a reaction vessel, a multimode cavity in which the reaction vessel is partially positioned. A magnetron generator is positioned adjacent the multimode cavity and is electromagnetically coupled with liquid within the reaction vessel. A stirring motor is positioned adjacent a bottom surface of multimode cavity and operatively coupled with the reaction vessel to stir the liquid within reaction vessel. A parabolic arm air cooled condenser is terminally connected to the reaction vessel to be in fluid communication with the reaction vessel. A gravity vacuum funnel, where the gravity vacuum funnel is in communication with a first air/water cooled condenser. The first air/water cooled condenser outputs fresh water to a fresh water storage unit.