Apparatus and methods for performing chromatography may include a chromatography column and a vacuum insulated jacket having an inner wall and an outer wall. A vacuum area may be formed between the inner wall and the outer wall. The inner wall of the vacuum insulated jacket may surround the chromatography column. A gap may be formed between an outer wall of the chromatography column and the inner wall of the vacuum insulated jacket. The vacuum insulated jacket may extend beyond one or more end frits of the column. The gap may be filled with one or more materials so as to form an insulating or thermal barrier.

The present disclosure generally relates to methods for separating Δ.sup.8-THC, Δ.sup.9-THC, and related enantiomers using CO.sub.2-based chromatography.

Provided is a supercritical fluid chromatography system, and components comprising such a system, including one or more of a supercritical fluid chiller, a supercritical fluid pressure-equalizing vessel, and a supercritical fluid cyclonic separator. The supercritical fluid chiller and the use of the chiller allow efficient and consistent pumping of liquid-phase gases employing off-the-shelf HPLC pumps in the supercritical chromatography system using liquid-phase gas mobile phase. The pressure equalizing vessel allows the use of off the shelf HPLC column cartridges in the supercritical chromatography system. The cyclonic separator efficiently and effectively allows for separation of sample molecules from a liquid phase or gas phase stream of a supercritical fluid.

A solvent reservoir filter for a liquid chromatograph system includes a first screen extending in a first plane, the first screen configured to filter solvent received through the first screen, a second screen extending in a second plane that is parallel to the first plane, the second screen configured to filter solvent received through the second screen, a main body extending between and connecting the first screen and the second screen, and a fluid outlet configured to expel solvent filtered by the first and second screens from the solvent reservoir filter. Methods of use and assembly of the solvent reservoir filter for a liquid chromatograph system are further disclosed.

A solvent reservoir filter for a liquid chromatograph system includes a first screen extending in a first plane, the first screen configured to filter solvent received through the first screen, a second screen extending in a second plane that is parallel to the first plane, the second screen configured to filter solvent received through the second screen, a main body extending between and connecting the first screen and the second screen, and a fluid outlet configured to expel solvent filtered by the first and second screens from the solvent reservoir filter. Methods of use and assembly of the solvent reservoir filter for a liquid chromatograph system are further disclosed.

Provided are methods for determining the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) phenotype in a sample by mass spectrometry; wherein the ApoE allele(s) present in the sample is determined from the identity of the ions detected by mass spectrometry. In another aspect, provided herein are methods for diagnosis or prognosis of Alzheimer's disease or dementia.

The invention discloses a method for predicting the pH error during mixing of an aqueous buffer comprising at least one weak acid species and/or at least one weak base species, which comprises the steps of: a) selecting a start composition of the buffer, giving start values for pH and/or buffer concentration; b) calculating the concentrations of all ionic species present in the buffer at a specified pH value from the total composition of the buffer and available dissociation constants; c) calculating the contribution of each of said ionic species to a total pH variance from the specified pH value, the buffer concentration, the calculated concentrations of the ionic species and variances in amounts of buffer components; d) calculating the pH variance, and; e) setting the variance or the square root of the pH variance as the pH error.

A method for producing lead-212 of very high radiological purity from an aqueous solution comprising thorium-228 and daughters thereof. Manufacture of radiopharmaceuticals based on lead-212, which are useful in nuclear medicine and, in particular, in targeted alpha radiation therapy for the treatment of cancers.

A method for preparing a tobacco flavor extract from cured tobacco materials. The tobacco flavor extract has reduced level of tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) and/or nicotine. The tobacco flavor extract is suitable for use in an electronic smoking device to provide a tobacco taste for a user of the electronic smoking device. The method preserves volatile and semi-volatile flavor components that can be released during a low-temperature vaporization process occurring in the electronic smoking device.

A supercritical fluid chromatography system comprises a first pump for pumping a first flow stream comprising a compressible fluid and a second pump for pumping a second flow stream comprising a modifier fluid. The second pump is in parallel with the first pump. A column is located in a combined flow stream. The column is located downstream of the first and second pumps. The combined flow stream comprises the first flow stream, the second flow stream, and a sample. A detector is located downstream of the column. A gas-liquid separator is located downstream of the detector. The gas-liquid separator is configured to vent a majority of the compressible fluid while maintaining a majority of the sample, thus preventing aerosolization of the flow stream and minimizing sample loss as well as cross contamination. An open bed collector is located after the gas-liquid separator.