The present invention provides novel and improved protein purification processes which incorporate certain types of carbonaceous materials and result in effective and selective removal of certain undesirable impurities without adversely affecting the yield of the desired protein product.

The present invention relates to a method of preparing a population of antibodies, whereby a desired high-purity and high-quality population of antibodies can be prepared by removing impurities without using an expensive protein A column, and in particular, production costs can be significantly reduced while achieving process automation; and a population of antibodies prepared thereby.

A chromatography device (201; 201′) comprising: – at least one chromatography material unit (203), wherein said chromatography material unit comprises a convection-based chromatography material and is of a substantially rectangular shape having a length (L) and a width (W); - at least one fluid distribution system (207) which is configured to distribute fluid into and out from the at least one chromatography material unit (203), wherein said fluid distribution system (207) comprises a distribution device (209a) and a collection device (209b) between which said chromatography material unit (203) is sandwiched, wherein said distribution device (209a) and said collection device (209b) each comprises a number of parallel grooves (255) for distribution and collection respectively of a fluid to be passed through the chromatography material unit (203), wherein said parallel grooves are reaching over substantially the whole length (L) of the chromatography material unit (203) and are distributed over substantially the whole width (W) of the chromatography material unit (203).

A protein purification process with virus inactivation or removal uses caprylic acid (octanoic acid) at acidic pH. The method comprises caprylic acid treatment as part of the chromatographic step so as to perform viral inactivation without a discontinuous process and without the requirement of attention by personnel, particularly when the pH adjustment of the eluate is performed automatically by eluting into buffer. The method of the invention further results in mycoplasmas being inactivated, and reduced impurities like Host Cell Protein (HCP).

Apparatus for purifying a liquid comprising a target substance comprising at least two units arranged in series such that the feed stream of the second and any subsequent units comprises the product stream from a downstream unit, wherein each unit comprises specified components (i) to (vi), including a a switchable bypass assembly. Also claimed are the units and a flowpath assembly. The units may be essentially the same except for a device they contain, leading to advantages in terms of simplicity, cost and ease of operation, lower risk of operator error, easier maintenance and lower inventory of spare parts.

Apparatus for purifying a liquid comprising a target substance comprising at least two units arranged in series such that the feed stream of the second and any subsequent units comprises the product stream from a downstream unit, wherein each unit comprises specified components (i) to (vi), including a a switchable bypass assembly. Also claimed are the units and a flowpath assembly. The units may be essentially the same except for a device they contain, leading to advantages in terms of simplicity, cost and ease of operation, lower risk of operator error, easier maintenance and lower inventory of spare parts.

The disclosure relates to a method for separation and purification of N-acetyl-glucosamine, and belongs to the technical field of biological engineering. In the disclosure, a raw material solution containing N-acetyl-glucosamine is obtained by microbial fermentation or by hydrolyzing the chitin. The raw material solution is subjected to flocculation pretreatment, and continuous centrifugation or pressure filtration is performed to remove suspended solids such as microorganisms, proteins and polysaccharides to obtain clear liquid. Double-stage ion exchange chromatography is performed to remove impurities such as charged organic molecules and inorganic salts. Membrane concentration is performed to efficiently remove water to improve the concentration of the target product. Spray drying or further evaporation concentration and crystallization are performed. Finally drying is performed to obtain an N-acetyl-glucosamine crystal of which the purity is more than 99%.

A method for separating substantially pure rare earth metals and other metals from a mixed source, including putting a plurality of rare earth metals and other metals into solution to define a solution containing a plurality of respective metal ions, in at least one chromatographic column, selectively capturing ions of each respective metal with a respective ligand to define a plurality of respective discrete bands, and respectively eluting captured ions of respective metal from each respective band of the at least one chromatographic column to yield a plurality of purified solutions, each respective purified solution having a high concentration of a respective metal. The bands may either be stationary with respect to the columns, or may move through the columns.

A method for purifying a mixture in a multicolumn chromatography system. The method successively and cyclically collects a raffinate, injects the mixture to be separated, collects an extract, and injects eluent. The mixture to be separated contains fructose and has a dry matter mass concentration of 45 to 55%. The method is carried out at a temperature of 50 to 62° C.

Examples of the present disclosure describe systems and methods for detecting and mitigating stack pivoting exploits. In aspects, various “checkpoints” may be identified in software code. At each checkpoint, the current stack pointer, stack base, and stack limit for each mode of execution may be obtained. The current stack pointer for each mode of execution may be evaluated to determine whether the stack pointer falls within a stack range between the stack base and the stack limit of the respective mode of execution. When the stack pointer is determined to be outside of the expected stack range, a stack pivot exploit is detected and one or more remedial actions may be automatically performed.