The present invention relates to the field of RNA analysis. In particular, the invention concerns the use of a catalytic nucleic acid molecule for the analysis of an RNA molecule. The invention concerns methods for analyzing the 5′ terminal structures of an RNA molecule having a cleavage site for a catalytic nucleic acid molecule. In particular, the invention concerns a method for determining the presence of a cap structure in an RNA molecule having a cleavage site for a catalytic nucleic acid molecule, a method for determining the capping degree of a population of RNA molecules having a cleavage site for a catalytic nucleic acid molecule, a method for determining the orientation of the cap structure in a capped RNA molecule having a cleavage site for a catalytic nucleic acid molecule and a method for determining relative amounts of correctly capped RNA molecules and reverse-capped RNA molecules in a population of RNA molecules, wherein the population comprises correctly capped and/or reverse-capped RNA molecules that have a cleavage site for a catalytic nucleic acid molecule. Moreover, the present invention provides uses of a catalytic nucleic acid molecule.

The present application relates to systems and methods for assaying presence of large molecule analytes, such as proteins, e.g., antibodies, antigens, receptors, and the like, using a targeted two-dimensional liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry (2D-LC-MS/MS) system, optionally combined with affinity capture. In some aspects, the system is partially or fully automated. In some aspects, the system may allow detection of protein biomarkers (e.g., antibodies or antigens) from clinical or nonclinical biological tissue or fluid samples in the pg/mL to ng/mL range.

Substantially pure saponin extracts and orthogonal chromatographic methods for purification of saponin extracts are disclosed. The purified saponin extracts may include QS-21 and can have a purity of greater than 97%. The orthogonal chromatographic method uses reversed-phase (RP) chromatography followed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) to generate substantially pure saponin extracts.

The present invention relates to compositions comprising fractionated alkylated cyclodextrin compositions having a single degree of substitution, and processes for preparing and using the same.

A method for obtaining .sup.225AC from .sup.225Ra having the steps of assembling a column having an inorganic stationary phase; priming the column to immobilize .sup.226Ra .sup.225Ra and natural decay products therefrom; immobilizing the .sup.226Ra, .sup.225Ra, .sup.224Ra, and natural decay products therefrom onto a stationary phase within the column; and eluting the column containing the .sup.225Ra with an aqueous sulfate solution to obtain a milking effluent that contains .sup.225AC. Also provided is a method for obtaining pure .sup.225AC from its isotope parents, the method comprising assembling a column having a stationary phase comprising an inorganic material; priming the column with the isotope parents to immobilize .sup.225Ac, and natural decay products of .sup.225AC; immobilizing the .sup.225Ac, and natural decay products therefrom onto the stationary phase within the column .sup.226Ra, .sup.225Ra, .sup.224Ra; and eluting the column containing the .sup.225AC to obtain an effluent that contains the isotope parents.

A chromatographic material including a substrate having a surface and having a polymeric layer covalently bound to the surface; the polymeric layer comprising polymer molecules covalently attached to the surface of the substrate, each polymer molecule being attached to the surface via multiple siloxane bonds and each polymer molecule being connected to one or more functionalizing compounds that each comprise a functional group, wherein the polymeric layer is formed by covalently attaching polymer molecules to the surface of the substrate via multiple siloxane bonds, each polymer molecule containing multiple first reactive groups, and reacting the first reactive groups of the attached polymer molecules with at least one functionalizing compound that comprises a second reactive group that is reactive with the first reactive groups and that further comprises a functional group. Preferred conditions of reacting the polymer with the substrate include elevated temperature and reduced pressure.

Disclosed is a continuous process for the purification of steviol glycosides such as Rebaudioside D and/or Rebaudioside M extracted from the dried stevia leaves or extracted from a fermentation broth using continuous simulated moving bed processes and nanofiltration without the addition of organic solvents to obtain a purified steviol product comprising sweet steviol glycosides. The sweet steviol glycosides can be used as substitutes for caloric sweeteners in beverages and in other food items.

The present invention related to the use of compounds of general formula (I) for separations of rare earth elements (lanthanides) by precipitation, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H; —CH2COOH; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 areindependently selected from the group consisting of H; OH; —NO2; —COOH; phenyl; and/or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 or R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 The invention further relates to a method of separation of rare earth elements by precipitation. together with two neighbouring carbon atoms of the aromatic ring form a six-membered aromatic ring.

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It relates to the medicinal chemistry field, particularly to a process for separating the isomeric compounds comprising a ring-opened thiosuccinimide group and a chiral moiety.

A method is disclosed for manufacturing a purified pDNA preparation from a sample comprising pDNA and a contaminant, the method comprising the steps of: Contacting the sample with a hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) material in a solution comprising a kosmotropic salt in a concentration which forces the pDNA and contaminant to adsorb on the HIC material, Diluting the concentration of the kosmotropic salt in presence of a neutral salt subsequent to adsorbing of the pDNA on the HIC material, thereby Desorbing the pDNA from the HIC material, whereas the contaminant stays adsorbed by the continued presence of the neutral salt, and Obtaining the pDNA preparation.

Furthermore, a method is disclosed for preparing a sample to be subjected to the method of the invention or other purification methods, in particular anion exchange chromatography by exposing the sample to a neutral salt in the presence of a HIC material.