Deep desulfurization of hydrocarbon feeds containing undesired organosulfur compounds to produce a hydrocarbon product having low levels of sulfur, i.e., 15 ppmw or less of sulfur, is achieved by hydrotreating the feed under mild conditions, and separating the hydrotreated effluent into an aromatic-rich fraction which contains a substantial amount of the aromatic refractory and sterically hindered sulfur-containing compounds, and an aromatic-lean fraction. The aromatic-rich fraction is contacted with isomerization catalyst, and the isomerized aromatic-rich fraction is recycled to the mild hydrotreating process.

The invention relates to a field of polymer preparation and discloses a method for promoting phase-separation of polymer solution. The phase-separation method of polymer solution of the invention comprises: at least a portion of the polymer solution is subjected to a heat treatment under flowing so that the polymer solution is divided into a clear liquid phase and a concentrated liquid phase, wherein the Reynolds number of the polymer solution flowing is 0.2-30. By performing the heat treatment under specific Reynolds number conditions, the invention permits to reduce the temperature of phase-separation of solution, reduce the time of phase-separation of solution, and significantly reduce the material consumption and energy consumption of the entire process, compared with the existing technology that only performs phase-separation through heat treatment.

A method of recovering a bead support from an emulsion includes supplying an aqueous surfactant solution into a centrifuge tube; supplying a hydrophobic liquid over the surfactant solution in the centrifuge tube, wherein a ratio of the volume of the aqueous surfactant solution to the volume of the hydrophobic liquid is not greater than 0.5; and applying an emulsion over the hydrophobic liquid while centrifuging, the emulsion comprising a dispersed aqueous phase including the bead support, the emulsion breaking and material of the dispersed phase preferentially partitioning to the surfactant solution.

A skimmer apparatus is provided to separate a less dense upper liquid layer from on top of a denser lower liquid layer. The skimmer apparatus includes a skimmer vessel at least partially submerged within a fluid and preferentially receive the less dense fluid. A first conduit is located within the skimmer vessel by a plurality of support arms. The plurality of support arms affixes the first conduit's vertical and radial location within skimmer vessel. In use, the skimmer height is set to collect the less dense fluid into the skimmer vessel. A lower end of the first conduit is in fluid communication with the inside of the skimmer vessel and the collected fluid therein. An upper end of the first conduit is configured for being suctioned thereby withdrawing fluid from the skimmer vessel.

A skimmer apparatus, system and method of use are provided to separate a less dense upper liquid layer from on top of a denser lower liquid layer. The skimmer apparatus includes a skimmer vessel at least partially submerged within a fluid and preferentially receive the less dense fluid. The skimmer vessel includes a main body with an open top to receive the less dense fluid, a conduit for withdrawing the fluid from the vessel and one or more floatation members to provide buoyancy.