There is provided a method of treating fluid such as tailings from tailings ponds resulting from oil sands production. A fluid treatment separator has a separation chamber having an oil outlet and a water chamber having a water outlet below the height of the oil outlet. A fluid passage connects between the separation and water chambers. The fluid passage is below the height of the water outlet. A centrifuge flow separator is in the separation chamber. A centrifuge flow diffuser is oriented to direct mixed fluids into the centrifuge flow separator. Preferably, the centrifuge flow diffuser is a ring diffuser and the centrifuge flow separator is a centrifuge cone. A fluid treatment system includes a fluid treatment separator and a phase separator and may include multiple fluid treatment separators and phase separators connected in series.

A method of demulsifying an emulsion with an ionic liquid having a nitrogen or phosphorus cation.

Systems and methods for treating a stream comprising hydrocarbons and an aqueous-based liquid are provided. The systems and methods may utilize a media composite comprising a mixture of a cellulose-based material and a polymer. In certain systems and methods, the media composite is capable of being backwashed. The stream comprising the hydrocarbons and aqueous-based liquid may be separated by contacting the stream with the media composite. In certain system and methods, the stream comprising the hydrocarbons and aqueous-based liquid may be coalesced by contacting the stream with the media composite.

A method of processing thin stillage in an ethanol refining operation is provided. The method comprises treating thin stillage upstream of a concentration or evaporation step with an inverse emulsion comprising at least one anionic flocculant and an emulsifying agent selected from a sorbitan ester of a fatty acid, an ethoxylated sorbitan ester of a fatty acid, and combinations thereof, thereby forming treated thin stillage; clarifying the treated thin stillage via at least one of dissolved air flotation and induced air flotation, thereby forming clarified thin stillage and a float layer comprising oil and solids; separating the oil from the solids of the float layer; and recovering the oil.

A method for recovering bio-oil from an emulsified bio-oil process stream, by adding a chemical additive system to the emulsified bio-oil process stream, wherein the chemical additive system comprises at least one surfactant and at least one hydrophobic particulate not based on silica. Bio-oil recovered from the method. A bio-oil recovery system, including a supply of emulsified bio-oil, a supply of chemical additive, wherein the chemical additive comprises at least one surfactant and at least one hydrophobic particulate not based on silica, a treatment unit for combining the chemical additive system with the emulsified bio-oil, and a centrifuge system for dewatering the treated emulsion and producing a concentrated bio-oil.

Methods for making a plurality of nanoparticles are provided. The method may include flowing a first component of the core into a reaction chamber; flowing a polymeric material into the reaction chamber; and flowing a second component of the core into the reaction chamber such that the first component reacts with the second component to form a core. The polymeric material forms a polymeric shell around the core.

The present invention generally relates to methods for resolving water and oil emulsions in the produced fluid of an oil production system comprising adding a structured copolymer reverse emulsion breaker to the produced fluid of the crude oil production system in an amount effective for resolving an oil-in-water emulsion. In particular, these methods for resolving an oil-in-water emulsion can be used in separation processes where the oil and solids in the produced fluid are separated from the produced water in the produced fluid.

Provided is a hybridized perovskite quantum dot material. The quantum dot material comprises a kernel and surface ligands. The kernel is formed by R.sub.1NH.sub.3AB.sub.3 or (R.sub.2NH.sub.3).sub.2AB.sub.4, where R.sub.1 is methyl group, R.sub.2 is an organic molecular group, A is at least one selected from Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Cu and Mn, B is at least one selected from Cl, Br and I, A and B form a coordination octahedral structure, and R.sub.1NH.sub.3 or R.sub.2NH.sub.3 is filled in gaps of the coordination octahedral structure. The surface ligand is an organic acid or organic amine. The quantum dot material has a high fluorescence quantum yield.

A method of recovering organic components from an aqueous biomass in the method includes: (i) providing an aqueous biomass containing organic components; (ii) treatment of the aqueous biomass to release intracellular organic components from within cells of the biomass to form a biomass suspension; addition of a water-immiscible component to the biomass suspension to form a mixture comprising biomass and water-immiscible component; (iv) subjecting the mixture comprising biomass and water-immiscible component to high shear to form a water-in-water-immiscible-component emulsion; and (v) separating the water-immiscible component phase from the water/aqueous phase.

A demulsifier includes the reaction product of a) an alkanolamide, b) an acid having at least two carboxyl groups, a full or partial ester thereof, an anhydride thereof and combinations thereof, c) a polyglycol, and d) optionally, a fatty acid, a fatty alcohol and combinations thereof. A method of demulsifying a water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsion includes adding the demulsifier to the emulsion and separating the emulsion into an oil phase and a water phase. Also disclosed is a method of making a demulsifier composition including reacting a) an alkanolamide, b) an acid having at least two carboxyl groups, a full or partial ester thereof, an anhydride thereof and combinations thereof, c) a polyglycol, and d) optionally, a fatty acid, a fatty alcohol and combinations thereof.