A modular distribution assembly comprises a top plate and a bottom plate, each of the top plate and the bottom plate comprises a plurality of recesses. A plurality of support members are slidably coupled to each of the top plate and the bottom plate, each support member of the plurality of support members comprising a protrusion on each of opposing sides thereof, each protrusion slidably coupled to a corresponding recess of the top plate and a corresponding recess of the bottom plate. Related assemblies comprising the modular distribution assembly and related methods of forming the modular distribution assembly and the assembly are disclosed.

A water intake and pretreatment system (10) comprising an inlet for delivering water from a natural source to a reservoir (12); said inlet to reservoir having a net screen (16) to prevent entry of organisms above a predetermined size and including a one-way gate (30) to allow organisms to exit the reservoir; said reservoir further comprising a granular filter media for water and algae filtration; and a drainage layer for removal of filtered water from the granular filter media to a drainage outlet. A local backwashing apparatus (40) is included for localized backwashing of the granular filter media.

An underdrain apparatus and a method for manufacturing such apparatus are provided. The underdrain apparatus can be extruded in long sections as a unitary part. The underdrain apparatus may be extruded in various sizes, shapes, and materials. Further, the underdrain apparatus may include a passageway for transporting water to and from the filter media and/or air to the filter media. In some embodiments, apertures are formed in the underdrain apparatus during an extrusion process to provide a path between the passageway and the filter media.

This infiltration intake system for a revetment wall includes a structural body, set on an outer wall surface of a revetment wall, including a filter storage portion, a filter stored in the filter storage portion of the structural body, and a water guide portion guiding treated water passing through the filter toward the side of an inner wall surface of the revetment wall.

A local backwashing apparatus 110 for a filtering system comprises an enclosure 119 having an open lower end, positionable above a surface of filter media 92 supported by a drainage layer 96. The enclosure is connected to a mechanical member (300, FIG. 6A) configured to force the enclosure into the filter media and release the force prior to the lower end of the enclosure contacting the drainage layer. The lower end of the enclosure being brought into contact with the drainage layer through a pressure differential between the interior and exterior of the enclosure. A pneumatic system such as an air pump, is in fluid communication with the upper part 127 of the enclosure and is configured to determine an air pressure therein. A pipe system connects the upper part of the enclosure with the pneumatic system and with a discharge structure 132. A control unit is connected to the pneumatic system. Also disclosed is a method of backwashing a filtering system. The backwashing apparatus may be used to pre-treat water.

An underdrain apparatus and a method for manufacturing such apparatus are provided. The underdrain apparatus can be extruded in long sections as a unitary part. The underdrain apparatus may be extruded in various sizes, shapes, and materials. Further, the underdrain apparatus may include a passageway for transporting water to and from the filter media and/or air to the filter media. In some embodiments, apertures are formed in the underdrain apparatus during an extrusion process to provide a path between the passageway and the filter media.

A floating media filter including a filter housing with an influent conduit extending into the filter housing, the influent conduit having at least one outflow aperture positioned below an effluent outlet of the filter housing. A floating media is positioned in the filter housing and forms a media bed when the filter is in a filtration stage, the media bed having a lower surface and an upper surface defining a filtration zone between the lower and upper media bed surfaces during the filtration stage. A diffuser trough is positioned in the filter housing such that (i) the lower surface of the media bed, when the filter is in the filtration stage, is below an upper edge of the diffuser trough, and (ii) the outflow aperture of the influent conduit is positioned sufficiently close to a surface of the diffuser trough such that influent flow, during the filtration stage, is initially directed against and/or along the surface of the diffuser trough, and then redirected in a path into the media bed. Finally, the media filter includes a backwashing mechanism causing (i) lowering of the upper surface of the media bed to a point below the upper edge of the diffuser trough, and (ii) creation of an air space in a substantial portion of the filtration zone.

A backwashing apparatus 110 for a filtering system comprises and enclosure 119 having an open lower end, positionable above a surface of filter media 92 supported by a drainage area 96. A pneumatic system such as an air pump, is in fluid communication with the upper part 127 of the enclosure and is configured to determine an air pressure therein. A pipe system connects the upper part of the enclosure with the pneumatic system and with a discharge structure 132. A control unit is connected to the pneumatic system. The enclosure is provided with a water inlet 120 for selective delivery of water from outside the enclosure to within the enclosure during sinking of the enclosure into filter media. Also disclosed is a method of backwashing a filtering system. The backwashing apparatus may be used to pre-treat water.

The invention relates to a filter apparatus, in particular in the form of a hollow cylinder (10) having a filter material (12), characterized in that a pre-filter (16) is mounted upstream of a surface filter (14) in the flow direction of a fluid stream to be cleaned from particulate contaminants, which pre-filter comprising a bulk material (18) for increasing the effective surface of the filter material (12), which bulk material is received between delimiting layers (20, 22) which are in each case provided with holes for fluids, the opening width of which is smaller than the diameter of a single grain (24) of the bulk material (18).

The present invention is directed to a one-piece cell divider for use in a filter underdrain system that supports a parous plate that supports a filter media for filtering a fluid. The one-piece cell divider includes: a divider portion; a porous plate support portion, including a flange that supports the porous plate; a support member portion, including a flange that attaches the divider to a base. A filter underdrain using a one-piece cell divider may include; at least one porous plate tor supporting the filter media for filtering a fluid, the porous plate spanning across at least one of the dividers; the at least two dividers including: one or more one-piece cell dividers; one or more multiple-piece dividers, each multiple-piece cell divider comprising a divider portion and a support member, the support member being directly under the divider portion.