The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for separation of sulfurous material(s) from a multi-component feed stream. The systems and methods can comprise contacting the multi-component feed stream with a solvent in a contacting column so that at least a portion of the sulfurous material(s) is transferred from the multi-component feed stream to the solvent. A stream of a substantially purified gas can thus be provided along with a liquid stream comprising at least a majority of the sulfurous material. In particular, the solvent can comprise liquid carbon dioxide, which can be particularly beneficial for removing sulfurous materials from multi-component feed streams.

Systems and methods for sulfur-compound removal from hydrocarbon liquids may include at least one tank defining a chamber with top and bottom ends, a gas inlet into the chamber, a gas outlet from the chamber, a fluid inlet into the chamber, and a fluid outlet from the chamber. A fluid circulation assembly creates a hydrocarbon liquid flow on a liquid path, and a gas circulation assembly circulates a gas flow along a gas path. The gas inlet and outlet and the fluid inlet and outlet of the tank may be arranged to create a crossflow and counterflow of the liquid and gas flows in the chamber of the tank such that sulfur-containing compounds are transferred from the liquid to the gas flow. A gas processor assembly may remove sulfur-containing compounds from the gas flow before recirculating the gas flow. The gas flow may be predominantly nitrogen (N2) gas.

A gas purification device removes a part of ammonia contained in a first gas; recovers a first off-gas containing the removed ammonia, removes hydrogen sulfide and ammonia from a second gas produced by removing the part of ammonia, recovers a second off-gas containing the removed hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, and combusts the first off-gas and the second off-gas. The gas purification device includes: a first combustion chamber in which combustion is performed in a reducing atmosphere; a second combustion chamber in which combustion is performed in a reducing atmosphere downstream of the first combustion chamber; and a third combustion chamber in which combustion is performed in an oxidizing atmosphere downstream of the second combustion chamber. The first off-gas flows into the first combustion chamber and the second off-gas flows into the third combustion chamber.

A process for sweetening a syngas stream, the process comprising the steps of: providing a syngas stream to a nonselective amine absorption unit, the sour syngas stream comprising syngas, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide; separating the syngas stream in the nonselective amine absorption unit to obtain an overhead syngas stream and an acid gas stream; introducing the acid gas stream to a membrane separation unit, the acid gas stream comprising hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide; separating the acid gas stream in the membrane separation unit to produce a retentate stream and a permeate stream, wherein the retentate stream comprises hydrogen sulfide, wherein the permeate stream comprises carbon dioxide; introducing the retentate stream to a sulfur recovery unit; processing the retentate stream in the sulfur recovery unit to produce a sulfur stream and a tail gas stream, wherein the sulfur stream comprises liquid sulfur.

This invention relates to a method and a system of abating carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and/or hydrogen sulfide (H.sub.2S) in a geological reservoir. Water is pumped or transferred from a water source to an injection well. The gasses are merged with the water under conditions where the hydraulic pressure of the water is less than the pressure of CO.sub.2 and/or H.sub.2S gas at the merging point. The water with CO.sub.2 and/or H.sub.2S gas bubbles is transferred further downwardly at a certain velocity higher than the upward flow velocity of said CO.sub.2 and/or H.sub.2S gas bubbles ensuring downward movement of gas bubbles resulting in full dissolution of said CO.sub.2 and/or H.sub.2S in the water due to elevating pressure. The complete dissolution ensures a lowered pH of the water entering a geological (e.g. geothermal) reservoir which is needed to promote mineral reactions leading to CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2S abatement This abatement may be quantified by dissolving a tracer substance in a predetermined molar ratio to said dissolved CO.sub.2 and/or H.sub.2S and monitored in a monitoring well.

The invention relates to a process for aftertreatment of gas streams in which unwanted components are present in an amount that varies irregularly in a periodic manner or over time and/or in a varying concentration, by means of an absorption or gas scrubbing process. For this purpose, during the entry of the desorption peak into the gas scrubbing apparatus, the amount of scrubbing medium is increased proceeding from a normal value during a first phase and, after the end of the desorption peak, the amount of scrubbing medium is returned back to the normal value during a second phase, wherein the laden scrubbing media are collected in different intermediate vessels during the two phases, mixed and released as a mixture to a downstream scrubbing medium regeneration apparatus.

The present application provides a hydrophilic and hydrophobic composite packing-based rotating packed bed and a system. A hydrophobic packing and a hydrophilic packing are formed into a composite packing. When said packing cuts liquid, the hydrophobic packing can sufficiently disperse the liquid so as to make the dispersion of the liquid in the packing zone more uniform, and the wettability of the hydrophilic packing allows the liquid to spread sufficiently so as to increase the wetting efficiency of said packing. Different mixing effects can be achieved by means of reasonable combination. Due to the limited number of hydrophilic packing layers and hydrophobic packing layers in said composite packing, the phenomenon of droplet aggregation caused to liquid in a single hydrophobic packing zone and the phenomenon of reduction of liquid turbulence caused to liquid in a single hydrophilic packing zone can be avoided. The negative effects of hydrophilicity can be alleviated or offset by means of hydrophobicity, and the negative effects of hydrophobicity can be alleviated or offset by means of hydrophilicity. Therefore, applying a hydrophilic and hydrophobic composite packing to a rotating packed bed can further improve the mass transfer and mixing performance thereof.

A system for scrubbing and monitoring H.sub.2S includes: a sample inlet valve that controls an input stream of the hydrocarbon gas from the gas canister; a first scrubber that removes a first portion of H.sub.2S from the input stream and that outputs a first stream with less H.sub.2S than the input stream; a second scrubber that removes a second portion of H.sub.2S from the first stream and that outputs a second stream with less H.sub.2S than the first stream; a H.sub.2S converter that converts all remaining H.sub.2S in the second stream into a di-ketone and that outputs an output stream with a concentration of the di-ketone; an optical detector that measures the concentration of the di-ketone in the output stream; and a processor that determines a concentration of H.sub.2S in the second stream based on the concentration of the di-ketone in the output stream.

A method for capturing carbon dioxide includes contacting a carbon dioxide lean gas mixture with water. One or more acid gas impurities may pass from the carbon dioxide lean gas mixture to the water to form a gas mixture and an aqueous effluent. The gas mixture is passed to a pressure swing adsorption system or a temperature swing adsorption system to increase a concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas mixture to form a carbon dioxide enriched gas mixture. The carbon dioxide enriched gas mixture is contacted with the aqueous effluent in a carbon dioxide scrubber. Carbon dioxide passes from the carbon dioxide enriched gas mixture to the aqueous effluent to form a stripped gas and acid gas enriched water. The acid gas enriched water is passed to a reactive rock formation. The one or more acid gas impurities and carbon dioxide are mineralized and permanently sequestered.

The removal of acid gases (e.g., non-carbon dioxide acid gases) using sorbents that include salts in molten form, and related systems and methods, are generally described.