Disclosed in the present invention are a low energy consumption anhydrous CO.sub.2 phase change absorption agent, and a regeneration method and an application thereof, the absorption agent using a unitary diamine with a primary amine (NH.sub.2—) and a tertiary amine (—N—), and not containing any other organic solvent, water, and ionic liquid; two alkyl branches are linked to a nitrogen atom of the tertiary amine, forming a certain hydrophobicity; after absorbing the CO.sub.2, the diamine changes from a liquid phase to a solid phase, undergoing liquid-solid phase change to form white amino formate crystals.

An apparatus includes an absorber having a first packing section, a second packing section and a third packing section. The first packing segment includes a first structured packing, having a first specific surface area SA1, the second packing segment includes a second structured packing, having a second specific surface area SA2, and the third packing segment includes a third structured packing, having a third specific surface area SA3 where SA1<SA2<SA3. The structured packing in the various packing segment may be periodically interrupted with one or more layers of random packing.

A contaminant removal system for removing a contaminant from an environment includes a gas separator, a scrubber-separator downstream of the gas separator, and a stripper-separator downstream of the scrubber-separator. The gas separator is configured to receive a cabin air stream from the environment and concentrate the contaminant from the cabin air stream to produce a concentrated cabin air stream. The cabin air stream includes the contaminant, and the concentrated cabin air stream has a higher concentration of the contaminant than the cabin air stream. The scrubber-separator is configured to absorb the contaminant from the concentrated cabin air stream into a liquid sorbent and discharge a clean air stream to the environment. The stripper-separator is configured to desorb the contaminant from the liquid sorbent into a contaminant stream.

The present system reduces the cost of carbon capture by reducing the over-temperature needed to strip CO.sub.2 from a liquid or fluid solution. The system includes structures that enhance the rate of CO.sub.2 bubble nucleation.

An H.sub.2-rich fuel gas production plant comprising a syngas production unit can be advantageously integrated with an olefins production plant comprising a steam cracker in at least one of the following: (i) fuel gas supply and consumption; (ii) feed supply and consumption; and (iii) steam supply and consumption, to achieve considerable savings in capital and operational costs, enhanced energy efficiency, and reduced CO.sub.2 emissions, compared to operating the plants separately.

Disclosed are methods and systems for capturing carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) from an input gas stream (e.g., flue gas from a combustion process). In particular, the system includes a CO.sub.2 absorption module that directs supersaturated CO.sub.2 process water to a CO.sub.2 recovery process. The CO.sub.2 recovery process includes a sparging seal vessel, followed by an agitator, followed by a stripper unit, followed by an outgassing tank, and lastly a membrane separator, configured to outgas CO.sub.2 from the supersaturated process water and direct the gaseous CO.sub.2 into a CO.sub.2 collection header.

An electrochemical cell includes (a) an anode including a first liquid permeable carbon cloth carbon electrode and a first current collector, (b) a cathode including a second liquid permeable carbon cloth electrode and a second current collector, (c) a separator made from an insulating material, and (d) a current source applying an electrical current to said anode and said cathode.

A carbon dioxide capture facility is disclosed comprising packing formed as a slab, and at least one liquid source. The slab has opposed dominant faces, the opposed dominant faces being at least partially wind penetrable to allow wind to flow through the packing. The at least one liquid source is oriented to direct carbon dioxide absorbent liquid into the packing to flow through the slab. The slab is disposed in a wind flow that has a non-zero incident angle with one of the opposed dominant faces. A method of carbon dioxide capture is also disclosed. Carbon dioxide absorbing liquid is applied into packing in a series of pulses. A gas containing carbon dioxide is flowed through the packing to at least partially absorb the carbon dioxide from the gas into the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid.

A hydrogen plant for producing hydrogen, including: a reforming reactor system including a first catalyst bed including an electrically conductive material and a catalytically active material, a heat insulation layer between the first catalyst bed and the pressure shell, and at least two conductors electrically connected to the electrically conductive material and to an electrical power supply placed outside the pressure shell, wherein the electrical power supply is dimensioned to heat at least part of the first catalyst bed to a temperature of at least 500° C. by passing an electrical current through the electrically conductive material, where the pressure shell has a design pressure of between 5 and 200 bar; a water gas shift unit downstream the reforming reactor system; and a gas separation unit downstream the water gas shift unit. A process for producing hydrogen from a feed gas including hydrocarbons.

The present disclosure relates to a porous liquid or a porous liquid enzyme that includes a high surface area solid and a liquid film substantially covering the high surface area solid. The porous liquid or porous liquid enzyme may be contacted with a fluid that is immiscible with the liquid film such that a liquid-fluid interface is formed. The liquid film may facilitate mass transfer of a substance or substrate across the liquid-fluid interface. The present disclosure also provides methods of performing liquid-based extractions and enzymatic reactions utilizing the porous liquid or porous liquid enzyme of the present disclosure.