The present invention relates to a fouling resistance reverse osmosis membrane, a method of manufacturing the same, and a fouling resistance reverse osmosis module including the same, and more specifically, to a fouling resistance reverse osmosis membrane, which has excellence in anti-fouling properties against fouling materials such as organic substances, inorganic substances, and the like, antimicrobial performance against microorganisms and the like, a flux, a salt removal rate, and retention of anti-fouling properties and antimicrobial performance, a method of manufacturing the same, and a fouling resistance reverse osmosis module including the same.

Functionalized membranes are produced via grafting of polymer brushes to the membrane surface for use, e.g., in separation and purification of biomolecules. One or more initiators are attached to the membrane surface. A reactant substrate, such as a copper metal plate, is placed adjacent the membrane. A reaction medium is then provided in fluid contact with the membrane and the reactant substrate, the reaction medium including one or more monomers, one or more ligands, and one or more solvents. The polymer brushes are grown on the membrane via Cu(0)-mediated controlled radical polymerization involving the reactant substrate and the reaction medium. This reaction process uses fewer numbers and amounts of chemicals compared to other controlled radical polymerization reactions such as ATRP. The reaction can take place at room temperature, which is more energy efficient than other CRPs which occur at a much higher temperatures. The reaction process described herein is also sixteen times faster than the standard ATRP method without sacrificing subsequent separation performance.

An article having a nanoporous membrane and a nanoporous graphene sheet layered on the nanoporous membrane. A method of: depositing a layer of a diblock copolymer onto a graphene sheet, and etching a minor phase of the diblock copolymer and a portion of the graphene in contact with the minor phase to form a nanoporous article having a nanoporous graphene sheet and a nanoporous layer of a polymer. A method of: depositing a hexaiodo-substituted macrocycle onto a substrate having a Ag(111) surface; coupling the macrocycle to form a nanoporous graphene sheet; layering the graphene sheet and substrate onto a nanoporous membrane with the graphene sheet in contact with the nanoporous membrane; and etching away the substrate.

An article having a nanoporous membrane and a nanoporous graphene sheet layered on the nanoporous membrane with the nanoporous membrane and the nanoporous graphene sheet in direct contact. A method of: depositing a layer of a diblock copolymer onto a graphene sheet, etching a minor phase of the diblock copolymer and a portion of the graphene in contact with the minor phase to form a nanoporous article having a nanoporous graphene sheet and a nanoporous layer of a polymer, and removing the nanoporous layer of a polymer.

A method for fabricating calcite channels in a nanofluidic device is described. A porous membrane is attached to a substrate. Calcite is deposited in porous openings in the porous membrane attached to the substrate. A width of openings in the deposited calcite is in a range from 50 to 100 nanometers (nm). The porous membrane is etched to remove the porous membrane from the substrate to form a fabricated calcite channel structure. Each channel has a width in the range from 50 to 100 nm.

A separation membrane (10) of the present disclosure includes: a separation functional layer (30) composed of a polyamide containing, as a monomer unit, at least one selected from the group consisting of piperazine and a piperazine derivative; and a coating (40) covering the separation functional layer (30) and containing a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following formula (1). In the formula (1), N.sup.+ is a nitrogen atom constituting a quaternary ammonium cation, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a substituent containing a carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom.

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A separation membrane (10) of the present disclosure includes: a separation functional layer (30) composed of a polyamide containing, as a monomer unit, at least one selected from the group consisting of piperazine and a piperazine derivative; and a coating (40) covering the separation functional layer (30) and containing a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following formula (1). In the formula (1), N.sup.+ is a nitrogen atom constituting a quaternary ammonium cation, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a substituent containing a carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. ##STR00001##

By having a coating layer, this composite semipermeable membrane has fouling resistance easily maintainable before and after contact with acid, and enables stable operation over a long period of time. This composite semipermeable membrane comprises a porous support layer, a separation function layer arranged on the porous support layer, and a coating layer arranged on the separation function layer, wherein the separation function layer contains a crosslinked aromatic polyamide which is a polycondensate of polyfunctional aromatic amines and polyfunctional aromatic acid chloride, and the coating layer contains an aliphatic polymer having the structure (I) in the description.

A method for fabricating calcite channels in a nanofluidic device is described. A porous membrane is attached to a substrate. Calcite is deposited in porous openings in the porous membrane attached to the substrate. A width of openings in the deposited calcite is in a range from 50 to 100 nanometers (nm). The porous membrane is etched to remove the porous membrane from the substrate to form a fabricated calcite channel structure. Each channel has a width in the range from 50 to 100 nm.

A metal-organic framework material separation membrane and a preparation method for the metal-organic framework material separation membrane are provided. The metal-organic framework material separation membrane has a base membrane and a metal-organic framework material functional layer. The metal-organic framework material functional layer comprises has an inter-embedded polyhedron structure. The preparation metal-organic framework material separation membrane includes the steps of: (1) preparing a solution containing a first organic solvent, an organic ligand, a metal compound, and an auxiliary agent; (2) subjecting a base membrane to a pretreatment, involving introducing, on the surface of the base membrane, metal atoms from the metal compound of step (1); and (3) mixing the pretreated base membrane of step (2) with the solution of step (1) to obtain a first mixture, and then heating the first mixture for reaction, so as to prepare a metal-organic framework material separation membrane.