The present invention provides among other things silver nanoparticles and methods of making the same. The nanoparticles may be sulfidated to decrease the silver leaching rate and sustain the biocidal properties. Such nanoparticles may be applied as a coating or additive to substrates such as metals, alloys, polymers, membranes, textiles, and other such materials, allowing for the substrates to exhibit antimicrobial properties.

Methods of modifying ion exchange membranes are described herein. Such modified ion exchange membranes can be used in, for example, desalination processes.

The present disclosure relates to semipermeable membranes based on acrylonitrile copolymers capable of adsorbing bacteria from fluids, methods of producing such membranes, and devices comprising such membranes.

The invention provides a cross-flow separation element comprising a single-piece rigid porous support (2) having within its volume at least one channel (4.sub.1) for passing a flow of the fluid medium for treatment, which channel presents a flexuous flow volume (V1) defined by sweeping a generator section along a curvilinear path around a reference axis, and in that the reference axis does not intersect said generator section and is contained within the volume of the porous support.

Hydrophilic fluoroplastic substrates and methods of making hydrophilic fluoroplastic substrates from 4-acryloylmorpholine are disclosed.

A copolymer is excellent in water permeability, suppression of platelet adhesion, and suppression of protein adhesion, and a separation membrane, a medical device, and a separation membrane module for medical use using the copolymer. The copolymer includes monomer units derived from two or more types of monomers, wherein the hydration energy density of the copolymer is 158.992 to 209.200 kJ.Math.mol.sup.1.Math.nm.sup.3, the monomer unit with the highest hydration energy density in the monomer units is a monomer unit not containing a hydroxy group, the volume fraction of the monomer unit with the highest hydration energy density in the monomer units is 35 to 90%, and the difference in hydration energy density is 71.128 to 418.400 kJ.Math.mol.sup.1.Math.nm.sup.3.

Disclosed are a method for preparing a high-strength anti-pollution anti-bacterial hollow fiber nano-filtration membrane and a product prepared by the method. The method comprises: S1, a chemical crosslinking reaction: placing an ultra-filtration base membrane in an acidic aqueous solution of glucose or an aqueous solution of phytic acid for a chemical crosslinking reaction to obtain a nano-filtration membrane; S2, a neutralization reaction immersing the nano-filtration membrane obtained in step S1 in an aqueous solution of alkali for the neutralization reaction, then washing the membrane to be neutral; S3, loading inorganic antibacterial agent: placing the membrane obtained in step S2 in an inorganic anti-bacterial agent solution for complexation, thereby obtaining a high-strength anti-pollution anti-bacterial hollow fiber nano-filtration membrane.

Durable asymmetric composite membranes consisting essentially of a film of cross-linked sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) adhered to a sheet of hydrophilicitized microporous poly(ethylene) are disclosed. The membranes have application in the recovery of water from feed streams where the ability to clean in situ is desirable, for example in dairy processing. Methods of preparing cross-linked sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) suitable for use as the rejection layer and hydrophilicitized sheets of microporous poly(ethylene) suitable for use as the support layer of such membranes are also disclosed.

Methods and formulations for antimicrobial and anti-biofouling coating comprising: a hollow round colloidal structure, comprising: an active polymer shell; and an active or inert core; wherein the active polymer shell comprises one and more polymers with antimicrobial and anti-biofouling activities selected from the group consisting of polyethylenimine (PEI), functionalized chitosan (CHI), polyquaternium, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) and polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMD); wherein the active or inert core contains one and more disinfectants, biocides, fragrances or inert solvent; and wherein the hollow round colloidal structure is stable for at least 3 months.

To provide a surface treatment method capable of successfully making a treatment target including polyimide on a surface thereof hydrophilic or hydrophobic with a safe operation; a two-liquid type surface treatment liquid that can be suitably used for the surface treatment method; and a surface-treated polyimide product that can be obtained by the above-described surface treatment method. A first resin having a primary amino group and/or a hydroxyl group, and a secondary amino group is bonded to a surface of a treatment target including polyimide on a surface thereof, and then a second resin having a (meth)acryloyl group and/or a carbamoyl group, a hydrophilic group and/or a hydrophobic group is bonded to the first resin.