A water conditioning apparatus for separating organic compounds and dissolved solids from water. A membrane separates organic compounds from a liquid feed comprising water, organic compounds, and dissolved solids. A fluid passageway receives from the membrane, liquid from which the membrane has separated organic compounds, and allows the liquid to flow through the passageway. Magnets are disposed and oriented such that liquid flowing through the passageway passes through a magnetic field effect produced by the magnets. A precipitator receives fluid that has flowed through the magnetic field effect and collects particles that the magnetic field effect has caused to precipitate from the fluid.

A method of forming a molecular separation device is provided. The method comprises growing or depositing a silica MFI zeolite coating on a ceramic support. The method further comprises growing a ZIF-8 coating on the silica MFI zeolite coating. Growing the ZIF-8 coating on the silica MFI zeolite comprises applying a first reactant fluid including a metal salt and a second reactant fluid including an imidazole reactant to the silica MFI zeolite coating. Growing the ZIF-8 coating on the silica MFI zeolite further comprises reacting the first and second reactant fluid with the silica MFI zeolite coating to produce the ZIF-8 coating. In certain implementations, at least a portion of the ZIF-8 coating is interspersed with a portion of the silica MFI coating. A molecular separation device including the ZIF-8 coating and the silica MFI zeolite is also disclosed.

The present invention relates to a method including reacting a solution of a salt of a biocidal metal with an active layer of water purification membrane, discarding the biocidal metal salt solution such that a thin layer of the biocidal metal salt solution remains on the membrane surface, reacting a reducing agent solution with the active layer of the membrane and the thin layer of the biocidal metal salt solution thereby forming a biocidal metal nanoparticle-modified membrane, removing the reducing agent solution, and rinsing the biocidal metal nanoparticle-modified membrane.

The present disclosure provides a reverse osmosis filter elements for separating components of a fluid mixture. The filter elements comprise self-supporting membrane vanes comprising porous supporting strips and at least one reverse osmosis membrane layer laminated thereon. These filter elements have a permeate flow channel between the inner surface of the two porous supporting strips and an open feed water flow channel dispersed around the membrane vane. These filter elements can be used in new and existing filtration plants, such as desalination systems, and have a wide range of advantages over the spiral wound filter elements currently available.

The invention concerns the field of polymer chemistry and relates to membranes, such as those used as membranes for the preparation of aqueous solutions by means of reverse osmosis or microfiltration, ultrafiltration or nanofiltration, for example.

The object of the present invention is the specification of membranes that exhibit a reduced fouling tendency with equally suitable or improved filtration properties, as well as the specification of a simple and cost-effective method for the production thereof.

The object is attained with membranes comprising a substrate on which a porous supporting layer is arranged, on which supporting layer a separation-active layer is arranged, and on which separation-active layer a cover layer is also arranged, wherein the material of the separation-active layer comprises functional groups which primarily have carbon-carbon triple bonds and/or carbon-nitrogen triple bonds, and wherein the material of the cover layer has functional groups which are primarily at least azide groups, and the functional groups having at least carbon-carbon triple bonds and/or carbon-nitrogen triple bonds are chemically coupled covalently with the azide groups.

A membrane assembly is provided. The membrane assembly comprises a membrane having a first surface and an opposing second surface, and a layer of anti-fouling polymer selected from the group consisting of an optionally functionalized hyperbranched polyglycerol, a hyperbranched polyimine, a zwitterionic copolymer obtainable by polymerizing 2-methacryloyloxyethyl lipoate with at least one of [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide or 2-methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine, and combinations thereof arranged on the first surface of the membrane. A method of manufacturing a membrane assembly is also provided.

A method of forming a molecular separation device is provided. The method comprises growing or depositing a silica MFI zeolite coating on a ceramic support. The method further comprises growing a ZIF-8 coating on the silica MFI zeolite coating. Growing the ZIF-8 coating on the silica MFI zeolite comprises applying a first reactant fluid including a metal salt and a second reactant fluid including an imidazole reactant to the silica MFI zeolite coating. Growing the ZIF-8 coating on the silica MFI zeolite further comprises reacting the first and second reactant fluid with the silica MFI zeolite coating to produce the ZIF-8 coating. In certain implementations, at least a portion of the ZIF-8 coating is interspersed with a portion of the silica MFI coating. A molecular separation device including the ZIF-8 coating and the silica MFI zeolite is also disclosed.

Described are filter membranes, related systems, and related method useful for producing purified (e.g., ultrapure) water, including membranes, systems, and methods of preparing purified water that will be useable in processes of manufacturing electronic and semiconductor devices.

The precise molecular sieving architectures with Janus-like characteristics via an interpenetrating polymer network combining the hydrophilic cPI polymer and hydrophobic microporous covalent organic framework (COF) exhibit super-high permeances for both polar and nonpolar solvents. A unidirectional diffusion and convection process significantly speeds up chemically stable COFs with uniform and tailorable channels growing on polymeric hollow fibre that can efficiently separate organic solvents under ultrafiltration conditions.

High efficiency CCM post-treatment methods are described. A multilayer CCM mesh cage has multiple shelves. Each CCM is placed in between one or two pieces of mesh and loaded into the multilayer CCM mesh cage, which is made of mesh so that the acid or base can contact the CCMs. Multiple CCM cages can be soaked in an acid tank at the same time. A circulation pump can be included in the acid or base tank to circulate the acid or base during the CCM post-treatment. Large batch of CCMs can be treated simultaneously.