Provided is a method for manufacturing a micropore filter usable as SCE. Stainless steel particles having particle diameters of 3 to 60 ?m are subjected to milling in a bead mill using zirconia beads to prepare powder having a flakiness of 0.03 to 0.4. The zirconia adhered to the surface of the powder is removed by pickling. A load of 10 to 15 kN is applied to 0.5 to 1.0 g of the pickled powder, thereby compacting the powder into a columnar compact body. The compact body is kept and fired in a vacuum atmosphere of 10.sup.?5 to 10.sup.?3 Pa at a temperature of 1000 to 1300? C. for 1 to 3 hours to form a sintered body. The sintered body is pressed into a pipe having an inner diameter of 0.90 to 0.99 times of the outer diameter of the sintered body, and extruded to obtain a micropore filter.

Provided is a method for manufacturing a porous body by which a porous body having a plurality of layers different from each other in pore diameter can be manufactured more easily than before. The method includes heating a raw material solution including a metal ion and an organic ligand to synthesize an interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer; and after synthesizing the interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer, synthesizing a non-interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer under conditions in which concentrations of the metal ion and the organic ligand in the raw material solution and/or a heat temperature are lower than that in synthesizing the interpenetrated metal-organic framework, to obtain a porous body including the interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer and the non-interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer stacked together.

A porous body with enhanced fluid transport properties and crush strength is provided. The porous body includes the porous body includes at least 80 percent alpha alumina and having a pore volume from 0.3 mL/g to 1.2 mL/g, a surface area from 0.3 m.sup.2/g to 3.0 m.sup.2/g, and a pore architecture that provides at least one of a tortuosity of 7 or less, a constriction of 4 or less and a permeability of 30 mdarcys or greater, wherein the porous body is a cylinder comprising at least two spaced apart holes that extend through an entire length of the cylinder. The porous body has a flat plate crush strength improved by more than 10% over a porous body cylinder having a same outer diameter and length, but having only a single hole.

A membrane can contain at least one substrate layer, wherein the substrate layer includes a plurality of substrate pores, and each of the substrate pores contains a plurality of nanotubes or nanowires positioned within the substrate pore. Such membranes can be incorporated into enclosures for various substances. The enclosures can be exposed to an environment, such as a biological environment (in vivo or in vitro), where the membrane can delay or not provoke an immune response from the environment. One or more substances within the enclosure can be released into the environment, one or more selected substances from the environment can enter the enclosure, one or more selected substances from the environment can be prevented from entering the enclosure, one or more selected substances can be retained within the enclosure, or combinations thereof. The enclosure can, for example, allow a sense-response paradigm to be realized.

The antimicrobial agent includes at least one two-dimensional metal carbide layer. The two-dimensional metal carbide has the formula Ti.sub.n+1C.sub.nT.sub.x, where T represents a terminal functional group and x represents the number of terminal functional groups. The two-dimensional metal carbide is preferably Ti.sub.3C.sub.2T.sub.x. The terminating group may be oxygen, hydroxide (OH), fluorine or combinations thereof. The antimicrobial agent may be used as a two-dimensional metal carbide antimicrobial membrane (10) or filter for removal of harmful bacteria, such as E. coli and B. subtilis. A stack of two-dimensional metal carbide layers (14) may be supported on a polymer filter substrate (12), such as a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) supporting substrate.

Disclosed are a separation membrane including a Group 5-based alloy, wherein crystal particles in the alloy have an average minor axis length of about 3 ?m to about 10 ?m and an aspect ratio of about 1:8 to 1:20, wherein the alloy is represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, and a method of manufacturing the same.
A.sub.xB.sub.yC.sub.z(Chemical Formula 1) In Chemical Formula 1, A is vanadium, niobium, or tantalum, B and C are same or different and are independently selected from nickel (Ni), aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), iridium (Ir), palladium (Pd), and platinum (Pt), x is a real number of greater than or equal to about 0.8 and less than 1, y+z=1?x, and y and z are independently real numbers of greater than or equal to about 0.

A transfer line between the outlet of a steam cracker and the inlet for the quench system has metallic or ceramic inserts having a pore size from about 0.001 to about 0.5 microns inside the line forming a gas tight barrier with the inner surface of the line and having a vent for the resulting gas tight pocket are used to separate H.sub.2, CH.sub.4, CO and CO.sub.2 from cracked gases reducing the load on the down-stream separation train of the steam cracker.

A system includes a plurality of nanoporous filtering media, wherein each nanoporous filtering media of the plurality of nanoporous filtering media includes a plurality of nanopores, wherein the plurality of nanoporous filtering media are stacked over each other. The system further includes a voltage source connected to a nanoporous filtering media of the plurality of nanoporous filtering media, wherein the voltage source is configured to provide a voltage to the nanoporous filtering media of the plurality of nanoporous media, wherein the voltage source is configured to establish an electrostatic charge within a circumference of each nanopore of the plurality of nanopores of the nanoporous filtering media.

A separation membrane for olefin separation and olefin separation method using the same are provided.

An input stream of gaseous nitrogen and carbon dioxide is introduced into a first interior volume of a separation vessel that is divided into first and second interior volumes by a separation membrane that includes a metal layer. The metal layer selectively permits movement of nitrogen through the metal layer. An output stream of gaseous nitrogen and carbon dioxide is conveyed out of the first interior volume and into a reaction vessel. The volume fraction of carbon dioxide is greater in the output stream than in the input stream; the volume fraction of nitrogen is reduced in the output stream relative to the input stream. Nitrogen is removed from the second interior volume to maintain a gradient of nitrogen partial pressure across the separation membrane that causes net transport of nitrogen from the first interior volume through the separation membrane into the second interior volume.