Devices and methods utilizing sorbent polymer composite materials in the form of at least one sheet. The at least one sheet can have a plurality of perforations that aids in the formation of an internal liquid network. In some embodiments, each perforation of the plurality of perforations has a size ranging from 0.1 mm to 6.5 mm and the at least one sheet has a perforation density ranging from 0.14% to 50% based on a total surface area of the at least one sheet.

A filter-drier unit for a refrigerant includes an exterior housing formed of a hard material, and a desiccant material supported within the exterior housing and being formed of a metal-organic framework material having inorganic metal ions and bridging ligands that link the metal ions. The metal-organic framework has a three-dimensional permanently porous structure that has at least one chemically tunable characteristic, such as pore size, pore volume, and surface area.

A multi-functional composition of matter that is useful for injection into a flue gas stream to rapidly and efficiently remove mercury from the flue gas streams, particularly at above average flue stream temperatures of about 340° F. or higher. The multi-functional composition of matter may include a fixed carbon content of at least about 20 wt. %, a mineral content of from about 20 wt. % to about 50 wt. %, a sum of micropore plus mesopore volume of at least about 0.20 cc/g, a micropore volume to mesopore volume ratio of at least about 0.7, and a tapped density of not greater than about 0.575 g/ml. These compositions may be further characterized by number of particles per gram of the composition of matter such that the composition may have at least about 0.8 billion particles per gram, or even as many as 1.5 billion particles per gram. These physical and chemical properties may enhance (1) the oxidation reaction kinetics for the oxidation of mercury species, (2) frequency of contact events, and (3) capture and sequestration of mercury, to achieve efficient mercury capture by the composition even in high temperature flue gas streams.

This disclosure provides a halogenated activated carbon composition comprising carbon, a halogenated compound and a salt. In some embodiments, the halogenated compound and the salt comprise a naturally occurring salt mixture, as may be obtained from ocean water, salt lake water, rock salt, salt brine wells, for example. In some embodiments, the naturally occurring salt mixture comprises Dead Sea salt.

Novel radioactive iodide molecular traps, in which one or more metal atoms are functionalized by coordinating to an amine containing two or more nitrogens, and methods of using the molecular traps to capture radioactive iodide.

A method for producing a carbon fiber material is disclosed, the method comprising the steps of a) Preparation of a solution of polyacrylonitrile in a suitable organic solvent b) Electrospinning of the solution obtained in a) and drying of the obtained fiber material c) Crosslinking of the obtained fiber material by heating to 150 to 350° C. in an air or oxygen atmosphere for 1 to 30 h d) Carbonization of the obtained fiber material in an inert gas atmosphere at a temperature in the range of 500 to 2,500° C., characterized in that no silicon, sulfur, metal compounds, intermetallic compounds, silicon compounds and/or sulfur compounds are added to the polyacrylonitrile solution in step a) and that neither stabilization nor surface modification steps are carried out with the fiber material by treatment with chemical reagents and/or exposure to tensile stress.

Also disclosed is a carbon fiber material obtainable by the above process, as well as a carbon fiber material, characterized in that it has a proportion of ultramicropores V.sub.<0.4 nm of 0.01 to 10, more preferably 0.02 to 5, even more preferably 0.025 to 0.1, most preferably 0.03 to 0.06 cm.sup.3/g, determined by CO.sub.2 adsorption tests and evaluation with DFT and GC-MC simulation.

The present invention relates to calcium hydroxide particles having a total pore volume greater than 0.18 cm.sup.3/g, said total pore volume being calculated with the BJH method for a range of pores having a diameter of between 20 and 1000 Å, said particles being characterized in that the BJH partial pore volume for the range of pores having a diameter of between 20 and 100 Å corresponds to more than 20% of said BJH total pore volume.

A sorbent composition that is useful for injection into a flue gas stream of a coal burning furnace to efficiently remove mercury from the flue gas stream. The sorbent composition may include a sorbent with an associated ancillary catalyst component that is a catalytic metal, a precursor to a catalytic metal, a catalytic metal compound or a precursor to a catalytic metal compound. Alternatively, a catalytic metal or metal compound, or their precursors, may be admixed with the coal feedstock prior to or during combustion in the furnace, or may be independently injected into a flue gas stream. A catalytic promoter may also be used to enhance the performance of the catalytic metal or metal compound.

A sorbent composition that is useful for injection into a flue gas stream of a coal burning furnace to efficiently remove mercury from the flue gas stream. The sorbent composition may include a sorbent with an associated ancillary catalyst component that is a catalytic metal, a precursor to a catalytic metal, a catalytic metal compound or a precursor to a catalytic metal compound. Alternatively, a catalytic metal or metal compound, or their precursors, may be admixed with the coal feedstock prior to or during combustion in the furnace, or may be independently injected into a flue gas stream. A catalytic promoter may also be used to enhance the performance of the catalytic metal or metal compound.

Compositions are provided for binding mercury based in porous organic polymers having (i) a plurality of repeat units having heavy metal chelator moieties covalently attached thereto and (ii) a plurality of pores having a hierarchical pore size distribution over a range of pore sizes. In some aspects, the range of pore sizes is about 5 nm to 10 nm. The compositions can have a maximum mercury uptake capacity of 1,000 mg g.sup.−1 to 2,000 mg g.sup.−1 at 1 atm and 296 K and has a mercury uptake capacity that is stable and recyclable. Methods of making the compositions and methods of using the compositions for uptake of mercury are also provided.