A supported catalyst having catalytic species including molybdenum as well as cobalt and/or vanadium as a promoter disposed on a support material containing zeolite modified with titanium dioxide. Various methods of preparing and characterizing the supported catalyst are disclosed. The utilization of the catalyst in treating a hydrocarbon feedstock containing sulfur compounds (e.g. dibenzothiophene) to produce a desulfurized hydrocarbon stream is also provided.

Tandem electrodialysis (ED) cell systems and methods for using the tandem ED cell systems to extract and recover ions from ion-containing solutions are provided. The tandem ED cell systems are composed of ion-extraction and ion-recovery ED cells. A redox couple contained in the anolyte of the ion-extraction ED cell is different from a redox couple contained in the catholyte of the ion-extraction ED cell. The electrode reactions in the ion-extraction ED cell are reversed in the ion-recovery ED cell, with the anolyte and catholyte of the two ED cells swapped and continuously circulated. As a result, the redox species in the anolyte and catholyte of the two cells are never depleted, which allows for achieving ion extraction and ion recovery with the use of a minimal amount of the redox couples.

A plugged honeycomb structure includes a honeycomb structure body having a porous partition wall disposed to surround a plurality of cells; and a plugging portion disposed at one end of the cells, wherein, in a section orthogonal to the extending direction of the cell, the cells each have a shape that is polygon, and one of the inflow cells and another are adjacent to each other with the partition wall therebetween, and in the section orthogonal to the extending direction of the cell, a total area of the inflow cell is larger than a total area of the outflow cell, a porosity of the partition wall is 38% or more, a thickness of the partition wall is 125 μm or more and 280 μm or less, a cell density of the honeycomb structure body is 31.0 cells/cm.sup.2 or more, and an air-permeability resistance of the partition wall is 4.5×10.sup.7Pa.Math.s/m.sup.2 or less.

A honeycomb structure includes a pillar-shaped honeycomb structure body having a porous partition wall defining a plurality of cells serving as fluid through channels extending from a first end face to a second end face, and having a circumferential wall disposed so as to encompass the circumference of the partition wall, wherein a thickness of the partition wall is 50 to 132 μm, a porosity of the partition wall is 40 to 55%, an open frontal area of pores on the surface of the partition wall per unit surface area of the partition wall is 10 to 15%, and a percentage (S.sub.0˜10/S.sub.all×100%) of the ratio of an opening area S.sub.0˜10 of the pores having an opening diameter of 10 μm or less to a total opening area S.sub.all of the pores opened to the surface of the partition wall is 90% or more.

A catalyst arrangement deciding method for a flue gas denitrizer including a catalyst layer disposed in an exhaust gas passage includes: a step of investigating a location dependence of a degradation state of a catalyst in the catalyst layer after a lapse of a period of operation; and a step of deciding a first region of the catalyst layer in which a first catalyst is used and a second region of the catalyst layer in which a second catalyst different from the first catalyst is used, on the basis of the location dependence.

The present disclosure relates to a device that includes a filter element and a catalyst, where the filter element is configured to remove particulate from a stream that includes at least one of a gas and/or a vapor to form a filtered stream of the gas and/or the vapor, the catalyst is configured to receive the filtered stream and react a compound in the filtered stream to form an upgraded stream of the gas and/or the vapor, further including an upgraded compound, and both the filter element and the catalyst are configured to be substantially stable at temperatures up to about 500° C.

Proposed are a low-temperature DeNOx catalyst for selective catalytic reduction having improved sulfur resistance and a method of manufacturing the same. The low-temperature DeNOx catalyst for selective catalytic reduction having improved sulfur resistance accelerates the reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides even at low temperatures despite the small amount of vanadium supported, improves sulfur poisoning resistance, does not cause secondary environmental pollution by treated gas, has excellent abrasion resistance and strength and thus the removal efficiency of nitrogen oxides is not reduced even during long-term operation, and is easy to manufacture, thus contributing to commercialization.

An exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine includes an inlet conduit, a reductant decomposition chamber, a first selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst member, a second SCR catalyst member, a mixing chamber, a particulate filter, a reductant delivery system, and a hydrocarbon delivery system. The inlet conduit is configured to receive exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine. The reductant decomposition chamber is fluidly coupled to the inlet conduit and configured to receive the exhaust gas from the inlet conduit. The first SCR catalyst member is fluidly coupled to the reductant decomposition chamber and configured to receive the exhaust gas from the reductant decomposition chamber. The second SCR catalyst member is fluidly coupled to the first SCR catalyst member and is configured to receive the exhaust gas from the first SCR catalyst member.

A control device for controlling a flue gas denitrizer including a reductant supply part for supplying a reductant to an exhaust gas passage to which an exhaust gas from a boiler is introduced. The control device comprises: a storage part which stores a plurality of opening degree patterns of a plurality of first valves corresponding to a plurality of operational states of the boiler respectively; an opening degree pattern acquisition part configured to acquire an opening degree pattern corresponding to a present operational state of the boiler among the plurality of opening degree patterns from the storage part; and a first valve control part configured to regulate an opening degree of each of the plurality of first valves, on the basis of the opening degree pattern acquired by the opening degree pattern acquisition part.

A revamp process for modifying a sulfur abatement plant including a Claus process plant, the Claus process plant including a Claus reaction furnace and one or more Claus conversion stages, each Claus conversion stage including a conversion reactor and a means for elemental sulfur condensation, and a means of Claus tail gas oxidation configured for receiving a Claus tail gas from said Claus process plant and configured for providing an oxidized Claus tail gas, the process revamp including: a) providing a sulfuric acid producing tail gas treatment plant producing sulfuric acid, and b) providing a means for transferring an amount or all of the sulfuric acid produced in said sulfuric acid producing tail gas treatment plant to said Claus reaction furnace, wherein the moles of sulfur in the transferred sulfuric acid relative to the moles of elemental sulfur withdrawn from the Claus process plant is from 3% to 25%.